diff --git a/src/ocrmypdf/__main__.py b/src/ocrmypdf/__main__.py
index 8955252c..3cae0405 100755
--- a/src/ocrmypdf/__main__.py
+++ b/src/ocrmypdf/__main__.py
@@ -249,12 +249,25 @@ ocrsettings.add_argument(
     help="Skip OCR on any pages that already contain text, but include the "
          "page in final output; useful for PDFs that contain a mix of "
          "images, text pages, and/or previously OCRed pages")
-
 ocrsettings.add_argument(
     '--skip-big', type=float, metavar='MPixels',
     help="Skip OCR on pages larger than the specified amount of megapixels, "
          "but include skipped pages in final output")
 
+optimizing = parser.add_argument_group(
+    "Optimization options",
+    "Control how the PDF is optimized after OCR"
+)
+optimizing.add_argument(
+    '-O', '--optimize', type=int, choices=range(0, 4), default=1,
+    help=("Control how PDF is optimized after processing:"
+        "0 - do not optimize;"
+        "1 - do safe, lossless optimizations (default);"
+        "2 - do lossy optimizations; "
+        "3 - do aggressive lossy optimizations"
+    )
+)
+
 advanced = parser.add_argument_group(
     "Advanced",
     "Advanced options to control Tesseract's OCR behavior")
@@ -431,18 +444,24 @@ def check_options_sidecar(options, log):
         options.sidecar = options.output_file + '.txt'
 
 
+def _optional_program_check(name, version_fn, min_version, for_argument):
+    try:
+        if version_fn() < min_version:
+            raise MissingDependencyError(
+                "The installed '{}' is not supported. "
+                "Install version {} or newer.".format(name, min_version))
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        raise MissingDependencyError(
+            "Install the '{}' program to use {}.".format(name, for_argument))
+
+
 def check_options_preprocessing(options, log):
     if any((options.clean, options.clean_final)):
         from .exec import unpaper
-        try:
-            if unpaper.version() < '6.1':
-                raise MissingDependencyError(
-                    "The installed 'unpaper' is not supported. "
-                    "Install version 6.1 or newer.")
-        except FileNotFoundError:
-            raise MissingDependencyError(
-                "Install the 'unpaper' program to use --clean, --clean-final.")
-
+        _optional_program_check(
+            'unpaper', unpaper.version, '6.1', '--clean, --clean-final'
+        )
+    
 
 def check_options_ocr_behavior(options, log):
     if options.force_ocr and options.skip_text:
@@ -451,6 +470,14 @@ def check_options_ocr_behavior(options, log):
             "Error: --force-ocr and --skip-text are mutually incompatible.")
 
 
+def check_options_optimizing(options, log):
+    if options.optimize >= 2:
+        from .exec import pngquant
+        _optional_program_check(
+            'pngquant', pngquant.version, '2.0.1', '--optimize {2,3}'
+        )
+
+
 def check_options_advanced(options, log):
     if options.tesseract_oem and not tesseract.v4():
         log.warning(
@@ -491,6 +518,7 @@ def check_options(options, log):
         check_options_sidecar(options, log)
         check_options_preprocessing(options, log)
         check_options_ocr_behavior(options, log)
+        check_options_optimizing(options, log)
         check_options_advanced(options, log)
         check_options_pillow(options, log)
     except ValueError as e:
diff --git a/src/ocrmypdf/_optimize.py b/src/ocrmypdf/_optimize.py
index 9f084cfe..fffdc28a 100644
--- a/src/ocrmypdf/_optimize.py
+++ b/src/ocrmypdf/_optimize.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # along with OCRmyPDF.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 from pathlib import Path
-from subprocess import run, PIPE
+from subprocess import CalledProcessError
 import concurrent.futures
 from collections import defaultdict
 import struct
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import pikepdf
 
 from . import leptonica
 from .helpers import re_symlink
-from .exec import pngquant
+from .exec import pngquant, jbig2enc
 
 PAGE_GROUP_SIZE = 10
 SIMPLE_COLORSPACES = ('/DeviceRGB', '/DeviceGray', '/CalRGB', '/CalGray')
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ def make_img_name(root, xref):
     return str(root / '{:08d}.png'.format(xref))
 
 
-def extract_image(doc, pike, root, log, image, xref, jbig2s, 
-                  pngs, jpegs):
+def extract_image(*, doc, pike, root, log, image, xref, jbig2s, 
+                  pngs, jpegs, options):
     if image.Subtype != '/Image':
         return False
     if image.Length < 100:
@@ -152,7 +152,9 @@ def extract_image(doc, pike, root, log, image, xref, jbig2s,
         jbig2s.append(xref)
     elif filtdp[0] == '/JPXDecode':
         return False
-    elif filtdp[0] == '/DCTDecode' and cs in SIMPLE_COLORSPACES:
+    elif filtdp[0] == '/DCTDecode' \
+            and cs in SIMPLE_COLORSPACES \
+            and options.optimize >= 2:
         raw_jpeg = pike._get_object_id(xref, 0)
         color_transform = filtdp[1].get('/ColorTransform', 1)
         if color_transform != 1:
@@ -170,8 +172,8 @@ def extract_image(doc, pike, root, log, image, xref, jbig2s,
         raw_jpeg_data = raw_jpeg.read_raw_bytes()
         (root / '{:08d}.jpg'.format(xref)).write_bytes(raw_jpeg_data)
         jpegs.append(xref)
-    elif cs in SIMPLE_COLORSPACES:
-        # For any 'inferior' filter include /FlateDecode we extract
+    elif cs in SIMPLE_COLORSPACES and fitz:
+        # For any 'inferior' filter including /FlateDecode we extract
         # and recode as /FlateDecode
         # raw_png = pike._get_object_id(xref, 0)
         # raw_png_data = raw_png.read_raw_bytes()
@@ -185,7 +187,7 @@ def extract_image(doc, pike, root, log, image, xref, jbig2s,
     return True
 
 
-def extract_images(doc, pike, root, log):
+def extract_images(doc, pike, root, log, options):
     # Extract images we can improve
     changed_xrefs = set()
     jbig2_groups = defaultdict(lambda: [])
@@ -204,8 +206,10 @@ def extract_images(doc, pike, root, log):
                 continue  # Don't improve same image twice
             try:
                 result = extract_image(
-                    doc, pike, root, log, image, xref, 
-                    jbig2_groups[group], pngs, jpegs)
+                    doc=doc, pike=pike, root=root, log=log, image=image, 
+                    xref=xref, jbig2s=jbig2_groups[group], pngs=pngs, 
+                    jpegs=jpegs, options=options
+                )
                 if result:
                     changed_xrefs.add(xref)
             except Exception as e:
@@ -244,14 +248,15 @@ def convert_to_jbig2(pike, jbig2_groups, root, log, options):
         futures = []
         for group, xrefs in jbig2_groups.items():
             prefix = 'group{:08d}'.format(group)
-            cmd = ['jbig2', '-b', prefix, '-s', '-p']
-            cmd.extend(make_img_name(root, xref) for xref in xrefs)
             future = executor.submit(
-                run, cmd, cwd=str(root), stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+                jbig2enc.convert_group, 
+                cwd=str(root),
+                infiles=(make_img_name(root, xref) for xref in xrefs),
+                out_prefix=prefix
+            )
             futures.append(future)
         for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures):
             proc = future.result()
-            proc.check_returncode()
             log.debug(proc.stderr)
 
     for group, xrefs in jbig2_groups.items():
@@ -292,12 +297,14 @@ def transcode_jpegs(pike, jpegs, root, log, options):
 
 
 def transcode_pngs(pike, pngs, root, options):
-    with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(
-            max_workers=options.jobs) as executor:
-        for xref in pngs:
-            executor.submit(
-                pngquant.quantize, 
-                make_img_name(root, xref), make_img_name(root, xref), 65, 80)
+    if options.optimize >= 2:
+        with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(
+                max_workers=options.jobs) as executor:
+            for xref in pngs:
+                executor.submit(
+                    pngquant.quantize, 
+                    make_img_name(root, xref), make_img_name(root, xref), 
+                    65, 80)
 
     for xref in pngs:
         im_obj = pike._get_object_id(xref, 0)
@@ -335,18 +342,21 @@ def optimize(
     log,
     context):
 
-    if not fitz:
-        re_symlink(input_file, output_file)
+    options = context.get_options()
+    if options.optimize == 0:
+        re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)
         return
 
-    options = context.get_options()
-    doc = fitz.open(input_file)
+    if fitz:
+        doc = fitz.open(input_file)
+    else:
+        doc = None
     pike = pikepdf.Pdf.open(input_file)
 
     root = Path(output_file).parent / 'images'
     root.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
     changed_xrefs, jbig2_groups, jpegs, pngs = extract_images(
-        doc, pike, root, log)
+        doc, pike, root, log, options)
 
     convert_to_jbig2(pike, jbig2_groups, root, log, options)
 
@@ -367,9 +377,9 @@ def optimize(
     
     if savings < 0:
         log.info("Optimize did not improve the file - discarded")
-        re_symlink(input_file, output_file)
+        re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)
     else:
-        re_symlink(target_file, output_file)
+        re_symlink(target_file, output_file, log)
         
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/src/ocrmypdf/exec/jbig2enc.py b/src/ocrmypdf/exec/jbig2enc.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..10d1285c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ocrmypdf/exec/jbig2enc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# © 2018 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
+#
+# This file is part of OCRmyPDF.
+#
+# OCRmyPDF is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# OCRmyPDF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with OCRmyPDF.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from subprocess import CalledProcessError, run, PIPE
+from functools import lru_cache
+import sys
+import os
+import shutil
+
+from . import get_version
+from ..exceptions import ExitCode
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=1)
+def version():
+    return get_version('jbig2enc', regex=r'jbig2enc (\d+(\.\d+)*).*')
+
+
+def convert_group(*, cwd, infiles, out_prefix):
+    args = [
+        'jbig2',
+        '-b',
+        out_prefix,
+        '-s',
+        '-p',
+    ]
+    args.extend(infiles)
+    proc = run(args, cwd=cwd, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    proc.check_returncode()
+    return proc
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/test_main.py b/tests/test_main.py
index ab035ab3..18477bc8 100644
--- a/tests/test_main.py
+++ b/tests/test_main.py
@@ -715,6 +715,7 @@ def test_compression_preserved(spoof_tesseract_noop, ocrmypdf_exec,
     # Runs: ocrmypdf - output.pdf < testfile
     with open(input_file, 'rb') as input_stream:
         p_args = ocrmypdf_exec + [
+            '--optimize', '0',
             '--image-dpi', '150', '--output-type', 'pdf', '-', output_file]
         p = Popen(
             p_args, close_fds=True, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE,
@@ -757,6 +758,7 @@ def test_compression_changed(spoof_tesseract_noop, ocrmypdf_exec,
     with open(input_file, 'rb') as input_stream:
         p_args = ocrmypdf_exec + [
             '--image-dpi', '150', '--output-type', 'pdfa',
+            '--optimize', '0',
             '--pdfa-image-compression', compression,
             '-', output_file]
         p = Popen(