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OCRmyPDF/src/ocrmypdf/optimize.py
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Python

# © 2018 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
#
# This file is part of OCRmyPDF.
#
# OCRmyPDF is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# OCRmyPDF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with OCRmyPDF. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
from pathlib import Path
import concurrent.futures
from collections import defaultdict, namedtuple
import logging
import sys
from PIL import Image
import pikepdf
try:
from pikepdf import Null # pikepdf <= 0.2.2
except ImportError:
def Null(): # pikepdf > 0.2.2
return None
from ._jobcontext import JobContext
from . import leptonica
from .helpers import re_symlink, fspath
from .exec import pngquant, jbig2enc
PAGE_GROUP_SIZE = 10
DEFAULT_JPEG_QUALITY = 75
DEFAULT_PNG_QUALITY = (65, 75)
def img_name(root, xref, ext):
return fspath(root / '{:08d}{}'.format(xref, ext))
def png_name(root, xref):
return img_name(root, xref, '.png')
def jpg_name(root, xref):
return img_name(root, xref, '.jpg')
def tif_name(root, xref):
return img_name(root, xref, '.tif')
def extract_image(*, pike, root, log, image, xref, jbig2s,
pngs, jpegs, options):
if image.Subtype != '/Image':
return False
if image.Length < 100:
log.debug("Skipping small image, xref {}".format(xref))
return False
pim = pikepdf.PdfImage(image)
if len(pim.filter_decodeparms) > 1:
log.debug("Skipping multiply filtered, xref {}".format(xref))
return False
filtdp = pim.filter_decodeparms[0]
if pim.bits_per_component > 8:
return False # Don't mess with wide gamut images
if filtdp[0] == '/JPXDecode':
return False # Don't do JPEG2000
if pim.bits_per_component == 1 \
and filtdp != '/JBIG2Decode' \
and jbig2enc.available():
try:
imgname = Path(root / '{:08d}'.format(xref))
with imgname.open('wb') as f:
ext = pim.extract_to(stream=f)
imgname.rename(imgname.with_suffix(ext))
except pikepdf.UnsupportedImageTypeError:
return False
jbig2s.append((xref, ext))
elif filtdp[0] == '/DCTDecode' \
and options.optimize >= 2:
# This is a simple heuristic derived from some training data, that has
# about a 70% chance of guessing whether the JPEG is high quality,
# and possibly recompressible, or not. The number itself doesn't mean
# anything.
# bytes_per_pixel = int(raw_jpeg.Length) / (w * h)
# jpeg_quality_estimate = 117.0 * (bytes_per_pixel ** 0.213)
# if jpeg_quality_estimate < 65:
# return False
# We could get the ICC profile here, but there's no need to look at it
# for quality transcoding
# if icc:
# stream = BytesIO(raw_jpeg.read_raw_bytes())
# iccbytes = icc.read_bytes()
# with Image.open(stream) as im:
# im.save(jpg_name(root, xref), icc_profile=iccbytes)
try:
imgname = Path(root / '{:08d}'.format(xref))
with imgname.open('wb') as f:
ext = pim.extract_to(stream=f)
imgname.rename(imgname.with_suffix(ext))
except pikepdf.UnsupportedImageTypeError:
return False
jpegs.append(xref)
elif pim.indexed \
and pim.colorspace in pim.SIMPLE_COLORSPACES \
and options.optimize >= 3:
# Try to improve on indexed images - these are far from low hanging
# fruit in most cases
pim.as_pil_image().save(png_name(root, xref))
pngs.append(xref)
elif not pim.indexed and pim.colorspace in pim.SIMPLE_COLORSPACES:
# An optimization opportunity here, not currently taken, is directly
# generating a PNG from compressed data
pim.as_pil_image().save(png_name(root, xref))
pngs.append(xref)
else:
return False
return True
def extract_images(pike, root, log, options):
# Extract images we can improve
changed_xrefs = set()
jbig2_groups = defaultdict(lambda: [])
jpegs = []
pngs = []
errors = 0
for pageno, page in enumerate(pike.pages):
group, _ = divmod(pageno, PAGE_GROUP_SIZE)
try:
xobjs = page.Resources.XObject
except AttributeError:
continue
for imname, image in dict(xobjs).items():
if image.objgen[1] != 0:
continue # Ignore images in an incremental PDF
xref = image.objgen[0]
if xref in changed_xrefs:
continue # Don't improve same image twice
try:
result = extract_image(
pike=pike, root=root, log=log, image=image,
xref=xref, jbig2s=jbig2_groups[group], pngs=pngs,
jpegs=jpegs, options=options
)
if result:
changed_xrefs.add(xref)
except Exception as e:
log.debug("Image {} xref {}".format(imname, xref))
log.debug(repr(e))
errors += 1
# Elide empty groups
jbig2_groups = {group: xrefs for group, xrefs in jbig2_groups.items()
if len(xrefs) > 0}
log.debug(
"Optimizable images: "
"JBIG2 groups: {} JPEGs: {} PNGs: {} Errors: {}".format(
len(jbig2_groups), len(jpegs), len(pngs), errors
))
return jbig2_groups, jpegs, pngs
def convert_to_jbig2(pike, jbig2_groups, root, log, options):
"""
Convert a group of JBIG2 images and insert into PDF.
We use a group because JBIG2 works best with a symbol dictionary that spans
multiple pages. When inserted back into the PDF, each JBIG2 must reference
the symbol dictionary it is associated with. So convert a group at a time,
and replace their streams with a parameter set that points to the
appropriate dictionary.
If too many pages shared the same dictionary JBIG2 encoding becomes more
expensive and less efficient.
"""
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(
max_workers=options.jobs) as executor:
futures = []
for group, xref_exts in jbig2_groups.items():
prefix = 'group{:08d}'.format(group)
future = executor.submit(
jbig2enc.convert_group,
cwd=fspath(root),
infiles=(img_name(root, xref, ext) for xref, ext in xref_exts),
out_prefix=prefix
)
futures.append(future)
for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures):
proc = future.result()
log.debug(proc.stderr.decode())
for group, xref_exts in jbig2_groups.items():
prefix = 'group{:08d}'.format(group)
jbig2_globals_data = (root / (prefix + '.sym')).read_bytes()
jbig2_globals = pikepdf.Stream(pike, jbig2_globals_data)
for n, xref_ext in enumerate(xref_exts):
xref, _ = xref_ext
jbig2_im_file = root / (prefix + '.{:04d}'.format(n))
jbig2_im_data = jbig2_im_file.read_bytes()
im_obj = pike.get_object(xref, 0)
im_obj.write(
jbig2_im_data, pikepdf.Name('/JBIG2Decode'),
pikepdf.Dictionary({
'/JBIG2Globals': jbig2_globals
})
)
def transcode_jpegs(pike, jpegs, root, log, options):
for xref in jpegs:
in_jpg = Path(jpg_name(root, xref))
opt_jpg = in_jpg.with_suffix('.opt.jpg')
# This produces a debug warning from PIL
# DEBUG:PIL.Image:Error closing: 'NoneType' object has no attribute
# 'close'. Seems to be mostly harmless
# https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/1144
with Image.open(fspath(in_jpg)) as im:
im.save(fspath(opt_jpg),
optimize=True,
quality=options.jpeg_quality)
# pylint: disable=E1101
if opt_jpg.stat().st_size > in_jpg.stat().st_size:
log.debug("xref {}, jpeg, made larger - skip".format(xref))
continue
compdata = leptonica.CompressedData.open(opt_jpg)
im_obj = pike.get_object(xref, 0)
im_obj.write(
compdata.read(), pikepdf.Name('/DCTDecode'),
Null()
)
def transcode_pngs(pike, pngs, root, log, options):
if options.optimize >= 2:
png_quality = (
max(10, options.png_quality - 10),
min(100, options.png_quality + 10)
)
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(
max_workers=options.jobs) as executor:
for xref in pngs:
executor.submit(
pngquant.quantize,
png_name(root, xref), png_name(root, xref),
png_quality[0], png_quality[1])
for xref in pngs:
im_obj = pike.get_object(xref, 0)
# Open, transcode (!), package for PDF
try:
pix = leptonica.Pix.open(png_name(root, xref))
if pix.depth == 1:
pix = pix.invert() # PDF assumes 1 is black for monochrome
compdata = pix.generate_pdf_ci_data(
leptonica.lept.L_FLATE_ENCODE, 0
)
except leptonica.LeptonicaError as e:
log.error(e)
continue
# This is what we should be doing: open the compressed data without
# transcoding. However this shifts each pixel row by one for some
# reason.
#compdata = leptonica.CompressedData.open(png_name(root, xref))
if len(compdata) > int(im_obj.stream_dict.Length):
continue # If we produced a larger image, don't use
predictor = Null()
if compdata.predictor > 0:
predictor = pikepdf.Dictionary({'/Predictor': compdata.predictor})
im_obj.BitsPerComponent = compdata.bps
im_obj.Width = compdata.w
im_obj.Height = compdata.h
if compdata.ncolors > 0:
palette_pdf_string = compdata.get_palette_pdf_string()
palette_data = pikepdf.Object.parse(palette_pdf_string)
palette_stream = pikepdf.Stream(pike, bytes(palette_data))
palette = [pikepdf.Name('/Indexed'), pikepdf.Name('/DeviceRGB'),
compdata.ncolors - 1, palette_stream]
cs = palette
else:
if compdata.spp == 1:
cs = pikepdf.Name('/DeviceGray')
elif compdata.spp == 3:
cs = pikepdf.Name('/DeviceRGB')
elif compdata.spp == 4:
cs = pikepdf.Name('/DeviceCMYK')
im_obj.ColorSpace = cs
im_obj.write(compdata.read(), pikepdf.Name('/FlateDecode'), predictor)
def optimize(
input_file,
output_file,
log,
context):
options = context.get_options()
if options.optimize == 0:
re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)
return
if options.jpeg_quality == 0:
options.jpeg_quality = \
DEFAULT_JPEG_QUALITY if options.optimize < 3 else 40
if options.png_quality == 0:
options.png_quality = \
DEFAULT_PNG_QUALITY if options.optimize < 3 else 30
pike = pikepdf.Pdf.open(input_file)
root = Path(output_file).parent / 'images'
root.mkdir(exist_ok=True) # pylint: disable=E1101
jbig2_groups, jpegs, pngs = extract_images(
pike, root, log, options)
convert_to_jbig2(pike, jbig2_groups, root, log, options)
transcode_jpegs(pike, jpegs, root, log, options)
transcode_pngs(pike, pngs, root, log, options)
# Not object_stream_mode + preserve_pdfa generates noncompliant PDFs
target_file = Path(output_file).with_suffix('.opt.pdf')
pike.save(target_file, preserve_pdfa=True)
input_size = Path(input_file).stat().st_size
output_size = Path(target_file).stat().st_size
ratio = input_size / output_size
savings = 1 - output_size / input_size
log.info("Optimize ratio: {:.2f} savings: {:.1f}%".format(
ratio, 100 * savings))
if savings < 0:
log.info("Optimize did not improve the file - discarded")
re_symlink(input_file, output_file, log)
else:
re_symlink(target_file, output_file, log)
def main(infile, outfile, level, jobs=1):
from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
from shutil import copy
class OptimizeOptions:
"""Emulate ocrmypdf's options"""
def __init__(self, jobs, optimize, jpeg_quality, png_quality):
self.jobs = jobs
self.optimize = optimize
self.jpeg_quality = jpeg_quality
self.png_quality = png_quality
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
log = logging.getLogger()
ctx = JobContext()
options = OptimizeOptions(
jobs=jobs,
optimize=int(level),
jpeg_quality=0, # Use default
png_quality=0
)
ctx.set_options(options)
with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
tmpout = Path(td) / 'out.pdf'
optimize(infile, tmpout, log, ctx)
copy(fspath(tmpout), fspath(outfile))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3])