724 lines
23 KiB
Python
724 lines
23 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# © 2015 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
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from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
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from decimal import Decimal
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from math import hypot, isclose
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import re
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import sys
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from collections import namedtuple
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from collections.abc import MutableMapping, Mapping
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import warnings
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from pathlib import Path
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from enum import Enum
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from contextlib import contextmanager
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import PyPDF2 as pypdf
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from fitz import Document
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from .helpers import universal_open
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matrix_mult = pypdf.pdf.utils.matrixMultiply
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Colorspace = Enum('Colorspace',
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'gray rgb cmyk lab icc index sep devn pattern jpeg2000')
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Encoding = Enum('Encoding',
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'ccitt jpeg jpeg2000 jbig2 asciihex ascii85 lzw flate ' + \
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'runlength')
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FRIENDLY_COLORSPACE = {
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'/DeviceGray': Colorspace.gray,
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'/CalGray': Colorspace.gray,
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'/DeviceRGB': Colorspace.rgb,
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'/CalRGB': Colorspace.rgb,
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'/DeviceCMYK': Colorspace.cmyk,
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'/Lab': Colorspace.lab,
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'/ICCBased': Colorspace.icc,
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'/Indexed': Colorspace.index,
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'/Separation': Colorspace.sep,
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'/DeviceN': Colorspace.devn,
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'/Pattern': Colorspace.pattern,
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'/G': Colorspace.gray, # Abbreviations permitted in inline images
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'/RGB': Colorspace.rgb,
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'/CMYK': Colorspace.cmyk,
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'/I': Colorspace.index,
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}
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FRIENDLY_ENCODING = {
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'/CCITTFaxDecode': Encoding.ccitt,
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'/DCTDecode': Encoding.jpeg,
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'/JPXDecode': Encoding.jpeg2000,
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'/JBIG2Decode': Encoding.jbig2,
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'/CCF': Encoding.ccitt, # Abbreviations permitted in inline images
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'/DCT': Encoding.jpeg,
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'/AHx': Encoding.asciihex,
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'/A85': Encoding.ascii85,
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'/LZW': Encoding.lzw,
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'/Fl': Encoding.flate,
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'/RL': Encoding.runlength
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}
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FRIENDLY_COMP = {
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Colorspace.gray: 1,
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Colorspace.rgb: 3,
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Colorspace.cmyk: 4,
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Colorspace.lab: 3,
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Colorspace.index: 1
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}
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UNIT_SQUARE = (1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
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def _matrix_from_shorthand(shorthand):
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"""Convert from PDF matrix shorthand to full matrix
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PDF 1.7 spec defines a shorthand for describing the entries of a matrix
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since the last column is always (0, 0, 1).
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"""
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a, b, c, d, e, f = map(float, shorthand)
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return ((a, b, 0),
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(c, d, 0),
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(e, f, 1))
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def _shorthand_from_matrix(matrix):
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"""Convert from transformation matrix to PDF shorthand."""
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a, b = matrix[0][0], matrix[0][1]
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c, d = matrix[1][0], matrix[1][1]
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e, f = matrix[2][0], matrix[2][1]
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return tuple(map(float, (a, b, c, d, e, f)))
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def _is_unit_square(shorthand):
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values = map(float, shorthand)
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pairwise = zip(values, UNIT_SQUARE)
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return all([isclose(a, b, rel_tol=1e-3) for a, b in pairwise])
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XobjectSettings = namedtuple('XobjectSettings',
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['name', 'shorthand', 'stack_depth'])
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InlineSettings = namedtuple('InlineSettings',
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['settings', 'shorthand', 'stack_depth'])
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ContentsInfo = namedtuple('ContentsInfo', ['xobject_settings', 'inline_images'])
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def _normalize_stack(operations):
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"""Fix runs of qQ's in the stack
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For some reason PyPDF2 converts runs of qqq, QQ, QQQq, etc. into single
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operations. Break this silliness up and issue each stack operation
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individually so we don't lose count.
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"""
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for operands, command in operations:
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if re.match(br'Q*q+$', command): # Zero or more Q, one or more q
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for char in command: # Split into individual bytes
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yield ([], bytes([char])) # Yield individual bytes
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else:
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yield (operands, command)
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def _interpret_contents(contentstream, initial_shorthand=UNIT_SQUARE):
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"""Interpret the PDF content stream
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The stack represents the state of the PDF graphics stack. We are only
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interested in the current transformation matrix (CTM) so we only track
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this object; a full implementation would need to track many other items.
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The CTM is initialized to the mapping from user space to device space.
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PDF units are 1/72". In a PDF viewer or printer this matrix is initialized
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to the transformation to device space. For example if set to
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(1/72, 0, 0, 1/72, 0, 0) then all units would be calculated in inches.
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Images are always considered to be (0, 0) -> (1, 1). Before drawing an
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image there should be a 'cm' that sets up an image coordinate system
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where drawing from (0, 0) -> (1, 1) will draw on the desired area of the
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page.
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PDF units suit our needs so we initialize ctm to the identity matrix.
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PyPDF2 replaces inline images with a fake "INLINE IMAGE" operator.
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"""
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operations = contentstream.operations
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stack = []
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ctm = _matrix_from_shorthand(initial_shorthand)
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xobject_settings = []
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inline_images = []
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for n, op in enumerate(_normalize_stack(operations)):
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operands, command = op
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if command == b'q':
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stack.append(ctm)
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if len(stack) > 32:
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raise RuntimeError(
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"PDF graphics stack overflow, command %i" % n)
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elif command == b'Q':
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try:
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ctm = stack.pop()
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except IndexError:
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raise RuntimeError(
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"PDF graphics stack underflow, command %i" % n)
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elif command == b'cm':
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ctm = matrix_mult(
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_matrix_from_shorthand(operands), ctm)
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elif command == b'Do':
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image_name = operands[0]
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settings = XobjectSettings(
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name=image_name, shorthand=_shorthand_from_matrix(ctm),
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stack_depth=len(stack))
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xobject_settings.append(settings)
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elif command == b'INLINE IMAGE':
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settings = operands['settings']
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inline = InlineSettings(
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settings=settings, shorthand=_shorthand_from_matrix(ctm),
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stack_depth=len(stack))
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inline_images.append(inline)
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return ContentsInfo(
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xobject_settings=xobject_settings,
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inline_images=inline_images)
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def _get_dpi(ctm_shorthand, image_size):
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"""Given the transformation matrix and image size, find the image DPI.
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PDFs do not include image resolution information within image data.
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Instead, the PDF page content stream describes the location where the
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image will be rasterized, and the effective resolution is the ratio of the
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pixel size to raster target size.
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Normally a scanned PDF has the paper size set appropriately but this is
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not guaranteed. The most common case is a cropped image will change the
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page size (/CropBox) without altering the page content stream. That means
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it is not sufficient to assume that the image fills the page, even though
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that is the most common case.
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A PDF image may be scaled (always), cropped, translated, rotated in place
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to an arbitrary angle (rarely) and skewed. Only equal area mappings can
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be expressed, that is, it is not necessary to consider distortions where
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the effective DPI varies with position.
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To determine the image scale, transform an offset axis vector v0 (0, 0),
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width-axis vector v0 (1, 0), height-axis vector vh (0, 1) with the matrix,
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which gives the dimensions of the image in PDF units. From there we can
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compare to actual image dimensions. PDF uses
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row vector * matrix_tranposed unlike the traditional
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matrix * column vector.
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The offset, width and height vectors can be combined in a matrix and
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multiplied by the transform matrix. Then we want to calculated
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magnitude(width_vector - offset_vector)
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and
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magnitude(height_vector - offset_vector)
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When the above is worked out algebraically, the effect of translation
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cancels out, and the vector magnitudes become functions of the nonzero
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transformation matrix indices. The results of the derivation are used
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in this code.
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pdfimages -list does calculate the DPI in some way that is not completely
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naive, but it does not get the DPI of rotated images right, so cannot be
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used anymore to validate this. Photoshop works, or using Acrobat to
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rotate the image back to normal.
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It does not matter if the image is partially cropped, or even out of the
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/MediaBox.
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"""
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a, b, c, d, _, _ = ctm_shorthand
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# Calculate the width and height of the image in PDF units
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image_drawn_width = hypot(a, b)
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image_drawn_height = hypot(c, d)
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# The scale of the image is pixels per unit of default user space (1/72")
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scale_w = image_size[0] / image_drawn_width
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scale_h = image_size[1] / image_drawn_height
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# DPI = scale * 72
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dpi_w = scale_w * 72.0
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dpi_h = scale_h * 72.0
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return dpi_w, dpi_h
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class ImageInfo:
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DPI_PREC = Decimal('1.000')
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def __init__(self, *, name='', pdfimage=None, inline=None,
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shorthand=None):
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self._name = name
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self._shorthand = shorthand
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if inline:
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# Fixme does not work for inline images with non abbreviated
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# fields
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self._origin = 'inline'
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self._width = inline.settings['/W']
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self._height = inline.settings['/H']
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self._bpc = inline.settings.get('/BPC', 8)
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try:
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self._color = FRIENDLY_COLORSPACE[inline.settings['/CS']]
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except Exception:
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self._color = '-'
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self._comp = FRIENDLY_COMP.get(self._color, '?')
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if '/F' in inline.settings:
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filter_ = inline.settings['/F']
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if isinstance(filter_, pypdf.generic.ArrayObject):
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filter_ = filter_[0]
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self._enc = FRIENDLY_ENCODING.get(filter_, 'image')
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else:
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self._enc = 'image'
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elif pdfimage:
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self._origin = 'xobject'
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self._width = pdfimage['/Width']
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self._height = pdfimage['/Height']
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if '/BitsPerComponent' in pdfimage:
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self._bpc = pdfimage['/BitsPerComponent']
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else:
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self._bpc = 8
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# Fixme: this is incorrectly treats explicit masks as stencil masks,
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# but good enough for now. Explicit masks have /ImageMask true but are
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# never called for in content stream, instead are drawn as a /Mask on
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# other images. For our purposes finding out the details of /Mask
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# will seldom matter.
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if '/ImageMask' in pdfimage:
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self._type = 'stencil' if pdfimage['/ImageMask'].value \
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else 'image'
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else:
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self._type = 'image'
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if '/Filter' in pdfimage:
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filter_ = pdfimage['/Filter']
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if isinstance(filter_, pypdf.generic.ArrayObject):
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filter_ = filter_[0]
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self._enc = FRIENDLY_ENCODING.get(filter_, 'image')
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else:
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self._enc = 'image'
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if '/ColorSpace' in pdfimage:
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cs = pdfimage['/ColorSpace']
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if isinstance(cs, pypdf.generic.ArrayObject):
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cs = cs[0]
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self._color = FRIENDLY_COLORSPACE.get(cs, '-')
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else:
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self._color = FRIENDLY_COLORSPACE[Colorspace.jpeg2000] \
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if self._enc == Encoding.jpeg2000 else '?'
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self._comp = FRIENDLY_COMP.get(self._color, '?')
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# Bit of a hack... infer grayscale if component count is uncertain
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# but encoding must be monochrome. This happens if a monochrome image
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# has an ICC profile attached. Better solution would be to examine
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# the ICC profile.
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if self._comp == '?' and self._enc in (Encoding.ccitt, 'jbig2'):
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self._comp = FRIENDLY_COMP[Colorspace.gray]
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@property
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def name(self):
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return self._name
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@property
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def type_(self):
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return self._type
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@property
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def width(self):
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return self._width
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@property
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def height(self):
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return self._height
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@property
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def bpc(self):
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return self._bpc
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@property
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def color(self):
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return self._color
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@property
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def comp(self):
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return self._comp
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@property
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def enc(self):
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return self._enc
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@property
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def xres(self):
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return _get_dpi(self._shorthand, (self._width, self._height))[0]
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@property
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def yres(self):
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return _get_dpi(self._shorthand, (self._width, self._height))[1]
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def __getitem__(self, item):
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warnings.warn("ImageInfo.__getitem__", DeprecationWarning)
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if item in ('name', 'width', 'height', 'bpc', 'color', 'comp', 'enc'):
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return getattr(self, item)
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elif item == 'dpi_w':
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return Decimal(self.xres).quantize(self.DPI_PREC)
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elif item == 'dpi_h':
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return Decimal(self.yres).quantize(self.DPI_PREC)
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elif item == 'dpi':
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return Decimal(self.xres * self.yres).sqrt().quantize(
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self.DPI_PREC)
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else:
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raise KeyError(item)
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def __repr__(self):
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class_locals = {attr: getattr(self, attr, None) for attr in dir(self)
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if not attr.startswith('_')}
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return (
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"<ImageInfo '{name}' {type_} {width}x{height} {color} "
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"{comp} {bpc} {enc} {xres}x{yres}>").format(**class_locals)
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def _find_inline_images(contentsinfo):
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"Find inline images in the contentstream"
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for n, inline in enumerate(contentsinfo.inline_images):
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yield ImageInfo(name='inline-%02d' % n, shorthand=inline.shorthand,
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inline=inline)
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def _image_xobjects(container):
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"""Search for all XObject-based images in the container
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Usually the container is a page, but it could also be a Form XObject
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that contains images. Filter out the Form XObjects which are dealt with
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elsewhere.
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Generate a sequence of tuples (image, xobj container), where container,
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where xobj is the name of the object and image is the object itself,
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since the object does not know its own name.
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"""
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if '/Resources' not in container:
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return
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resources = container['/Resources']
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if '/XObject' not in resources:
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return
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for xobj in resources['/XObject']:
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candidate = resources['/XObject'][xobj]
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if candidate['/Subtype'] == '/Image':
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pdfimage = candidate
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yield (pdfimage, xobj)
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def _find_regular_images(container, contentsinfo):
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"""Find images stored in the container's /Resources /XObject
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Usually the container is a page, but it could also be a Form XObject
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that contains images.
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Generates images with their DPI at time of drawing.
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"""
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for pdfimage, xobj in _image_xobjects(container):
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# For each image that is drawn on this, check if we drawing the
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# current image - yes this is O(n^2), but n == 1 almost always
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for draw in contentsinfo.xobject_settings:
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if draw.name != xobj:
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continue
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if draw.stack_depth == 0 and _is_unit_square(draw.shorthand):
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# At least one PDF in the wild (and test suite) draws an image
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# when the graphics stack depth is 0, meaning that the image
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# gets drawn into a square of 1x1 PDF units (or 1/72",
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# or 0.35 mm). The equivalent DPI will be >100,000. Exclude
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# these from our DPI calculation for the page.
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continue
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yield ImageInfo(name=draw.name, pdfimage=pdfimage, shorthand=
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draw.shorthand)
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def _find_form_xobject_images(pdf, container, contentsinfo):
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"""Find any images that are in Form XObjects in the container
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The container may be a page, or a parent Form XObject.
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"""
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if '/Resources' not in container:
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return
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resources = container['/Resources']
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if '/XObject' not in resources:
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return
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for xobj in resources['/XObject']:
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candidate = resources['/XObject'][xobj]
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if candidate['/Subtype'] != '/Form':
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continue
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form_xobject = candidate
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for settings in contentsinfo.xobject_settings:
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if settings.name != xobj:
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continue
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# Find images once for each time this Form XObject is drawn.
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# This could be optimized to cache the multiple drawing events
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# but in practice both Form XObjects and multiple drawing of the
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# same object are both very rare.
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ctm_shorthand = settings.shorthand
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yield from _find_images(
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pdf=pdf, container=form_xobject, shorthand=ctm_shorthand)
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def _find_images(*, pdf, container, shorthand=None):
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"""Find all individual instances of images drawn in the container
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Usually the container is a page, but it may also be a Form XObject.
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On a typical page images are stored inline or as regular images
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in an XObject.
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Form XObjects may include inline images, XObject images,
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and recursively, other Form XObjects; and also vector drawing commands.
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Every instance of an image being drawn somewhere is flattened and
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treated as a unique image, since if the same image is drawn multiple times
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on one page it may be drawn at differing resolutions, and our objective
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is to find the resolution at which the page can be rastered without
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downsampling.
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"""
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if container.get('/Type') == '/Page' and '/Contents' in container:
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# For a /Page the content stream is attached to the page's /Contents
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page = container
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contentstream = pypdf.pdf.ContentStream(page.getContents(), pdf)
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initial_shorthand = shorthand or UNIT_SQUARE
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elif container.get('/Type') == '/XObject' and \
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container['/Subtype'] == '/Form':
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# For a Form XObject that content stream is attached to the XObject
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contentstream = pypdf.pdf.ContentStream(container, pdf)
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# Set the CTM to the state it was when the "Do" operator was
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# encountered that is drawing this instance of the Form XObject
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ctm = _matrix_from_shorthand(shorthand or UNIT_SQUARE)
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|
|
# A Form XObject may provide its own matrix to map form space into
|
|
# user space. Get this if one exists
|
|
form_matrix = _matrix_from_shorthand(
|
|
container.get('/Matrix', UNIT_SQUARE))
|
|
|
|
# Concatenate form matrix with CTM to ensure CTM is correct for
|
|
# drawing this instance of the XObject
|
|
ctm = matrix_mult(form_matrix, ctm)
|
|
initial_shorthand = _shorthand_from_matrix(ctm)
|
|
else:
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
contentsinfo = _interpret_contents(contentstream, initial_shorthand)
|
|
|
|
yield from _find_inline_images(contentsinfo)
|
|
yield from _find_regular_images(container, contentsinfo)
|
|
yield from _find_form_xobject_images(pdf, container, contentsinfo)
|
|
|
|
|
|
@contextmanager
|
|
def borrow_stream(stream):
|
|
"Borrow a file stream from elsewhere and restore the offset when done"
|
|
offset = stream.tell()
|
|
stream.seek(0)
|
|
yield stream
|
|
stream.seek(offset)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _page_has_text(infile, pageno):
|
|
doc = Document(infile)
|
|
text = doc.getPageText(pageno)
|
|
if text.strip() != '':
|
|
return True
|
|
return False
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _pdf_get_pageinfo(pdf, pageno: int, infile):
|
|
pageinfo = {}
|
|
pageinfo['pageno'] = pageno
|
|
pageinfo['images'] = []
|
|
|
|
if isinstance(pdf, Path):
|
|
pdf = pypdf.PdfFileReader(str(pdf))
|
|
elif isinstance(pdf, str):
|
|
pdf = pypdf.PdfFileReader(pdf)
|
|
|
|
page = pdf.pages[pageno]
|
|
|
|
pageinfo['has_text'] = _page_has_text(str(infile), pageno)
|
|
|
|
width_pt = page.mediaBox.getWidth()
|
|
height_pt = page.mediaBox.getHeight()
|
|
|
|
userunit = page.get('/UserUnit', Decimal(1.0))
|
|
pageinfo['userunit'] = userunit
|
|
pageinfo['width_inches'] = width_pt * userunit / Decimal(72.0)
|
|
pageinfo['height_inches'] = height_pt * userunit / Decimal(72.0)
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
pageinfo['rotate'] = int(page['/Rotate'])
|
|
except KeyError:
|
|
pageinfo['rotate'] = 0
|
|
|
|
userunit_shorthand = (userunit, 0, 0, userunit, 0, 0)
|
|
pageinfo['images'] = [im for im in
|
|
_find_images(pdf=pdf, container=page,
|
|
shorthand=userunit_shorthand)]
|
|
if pageinfo['images']:
|
|
xres = max(image['dpi_w'] for image in pageinfo['images'])
|
|
yres = max(image['dpi_h'] for image in pageinfo['images'])
|
|
pageinfo['xres'], pageinfo['yres'] = xres, yres
|
|
pageinfo['width_pixels'] = \
|
|
int(round(xres * pageinfo['width_inches']))
|
|
pageinfo['height_pixels'] = \
|
|
int(round(yres * pageinfo['height_inches']))
|
|
|
|
return pageinfo
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _pdf_get_all_pageinfo(infile):
|
|
with universal_open(infile, 'rb') as f:
|
|
pdf = pypdf.PdfFileReader(f)
|
|
return [PageInfo(pdf, n, infile) for n in range(pdf.numPages)]
|
|
|
|
|
|
class PageInfo:
|
|
def __init__(self, pdf, pageno, infile):
|
|
self._pageno = pageno
|
|
self._infile = infile
|
|
self._pageinfo = _pdf_get_pageinfo(pdf, pageno, infile)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def pageno(self):
|
|
return self._pageno
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def has_text(self):
|
|
return self._pageinfo['has_text']
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def width_inches(self):
|
|
return self._pageinfo['width_inches']
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def height_inches(self):
|
|
return self._pageinfo['height_inches']
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def width_pixels(self):
|
|
return int(round(self.width_inches * self.xres))
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def height_pixels(self):
|
|
return int(round(self.height_inches * self.yres))
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def rotation(self):
|
|
return self._pageinfo.get('rotate', None)
|
|
|
|
@rotation.setter
|
|
def rotation(self, value):
|
|
if value in (0, 90, 180, 270, 360, -90, -180, -270):
|
|
self._pageinfo['rotate'] = value
|
|
else:
|
|
raise ValueError("rotation must be a cardinal angle")
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def images(self):
|
|
return self._pageinfo['images']
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def xres(self):
|
|
return self._pageinfo.get('xres', None)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def yres(self):
|
|
return self._pageinfo.get('yres', None)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def userunit(self):
|
|
return self._pageinfo.get('userunit', None)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def min_version(self):
|
|
if self.userunit is not None:
|
|
return '1.6'
|
|
else:
|
|
return '1.5'
|
|
|
|
def __repr__(self):
|
|
return (
|
|
'<PageInfo '
|
|
'pageno={} {}"x{}" rotation={} res={}x{} has_text={}>').format(
|
|
self.pageno, self.width_inches, self.height_inches,
|
|
self.rotation,
|
|
self.xres, self.yres, self.has_text
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class PdfInfo:
|
|
"""Get summary information about a PDF
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
def __init__(self, infile):
|
|
self._infile = infile
|
|
self._pages = _pdf_get_all_pageinfo(infile)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def pages(self):
|
|
return self._pages
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def min_version(self):
|
|
# The minimum PDF is the maximum version that any particular page needs
|
|
return max(page.min_version for page in self.pages)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def has_userunit(self):
|
|
return any(page.userunit != 1.0 for page in self.pages)
|
|
|
|
def __getitem__(self, item):
|
|
return self._pages[item]
|
|
|
|
def __len__(self):
|
|
return len(self._pages)
|
|
|
|
def __repr__(self):
|
|
return "<PdfInfo('...'), page count={}>".format(len(self))
|
|
|
|
# def __getstate__(self):
|
|
# state = {'_infile': self._infile}
|
|
# return state
|
|
#
|
|
# def __setstate__(self, state):
|
|
# self._infile = state['_infile']
|
|
# self._pages = _pdf_get_all_pageinfo(self._infile)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def main():
|
|
import argparse
|
|
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
|
|
parser.add_argument('infile')
|
|
args = parser.parse_args()
|
|
info = _pdf_get_all_pageinfo(args.infile)
|
|
from pprint import pprint
|
|
pprint(info)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
main()
|