v4.5 notes

Installing Tess4 PPA over Tess3 proved too much pain, so sever the link
between this and the jbarlow83/ocrmypdf image, starting each from
scratch. Also the complete set of language packs proves too much - the
build seems likely to fail when trying to install so many.

.dockerignore

@@ -11,11 +11,14 @@
 */*/*/*/*/*/*.pyc
 */*/*/*/*/*/*/*.pyc
 .cache/
+.eggs/
+.github/
 .git/
 .ipynb_checkpoints/
 .ruffus_history.sqlite
 bin/
 build/
+docs/
 dist/
 htmlcov/
 include/
@@ -27,5 +30,5 @@ tests/cache/
 tests/output/
 tests/resources/private/
 tmp/
-venv-3.4/
-venv-3.5/
+venv*/
+wheelhouse/

.gitignore

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Development environment
 *.pyc
 *.sublime-*
-venv-*/
+venv*/
 pyvenv.cfg
 tasks.py
 
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ wheelhouse/
 # Automatically generated files
 ocrmypdf/lib/_*.py
 ocrmypdf/version.py
+docs/_build/
+docs/_static/
+docs/_templates/
 
 # Code coverage
 .coverage

.travis.yml

@@ -1,45 +1,55 @@
 sudo: required
 dist: trusty
 language: python
-
-cache: pip
-
 cache:
-    directories:
-        - $HOME/.ccache
-        - packages
-        - tests/cache
+  pip: true
+  directories:
+  - packages
+  - tests/cache
 
 python:
-    - 3.4
-    - 3.5
-
-before_cache:
-    - rm -f $HOME/.cache/pip/log/debug.log
-
-before_install:
-    # Ubuntu packages
-    - sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vshn/ghostscript -y  # for ghostscript 9.16 (trusty has 9.10)
-    - sudo add-apt-repository ppa:heyarje/libav-11 -y  # for libav11, which is for unpaper
-    - sudo apt-get update -qq  # must go after all add-apt-repo
-    - sudo apt-get install -y ghostscript tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-deu tesseract-ocr-eng tesseract-ocr-fra qpdf poppler-utils libavformat56 libavcodec56 libavutil54 libffi-dev
-
-    # pip
-    - pip install --upgrade pip
-
-    # Download, make and install unpaper (using ccache)
-    - mkdir -p packages
-    - "[ -f packages/unpaper_6.1-1.deb ] || wget -q https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/28971240/unpaper_6.1-1.deb -O packages/unpaper_6.1-1.deb"
-    - sudo dpkg -i packages/unpaper_6.1-1.deb
-
-install:
-    - pip install -r requirements.txt
-    - pip install -r test_requirements.txt
-
-script:
-    - python setup.py clean
-    - python setup.py install
-    - python setup.py test
+- '3.4'
+- '3.5'
+- '3.6'
 
 os:
-    - linux
+- linux
+
+before_cache:
+- rm -f $HOME/.cache/pip/log/debug.log
+
+before_install:
+- sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vshn/ghostscript -y
+- sudo add-apt-repository ppa:heyarje/libav-11 -y
+- sudo apt-get update -qq
+- sudo apt-get install -y ghostscript tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-deu tesseract-ocr-eng
+  tesseract-ocr-fra qpdf poppler-utils libavformat56 libavcodec56 libavutil54 libffi-dev
+- pip install --upgrade pip
+- mkdir -p packages
+- "[ -f packages/unpaper_6.1-1.deb ] || wget -q https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/28971240/unpaper_6.1-1.deb
+  -O packages/unpaper_6.1-1.deb"
+- sudo dpkg -i packages/unpaper_6.1-1.deb
+
+install:
+- pip install .
+- pip install -r requirements.txt -r test_requirements.txt
+
+script:
+- mv ocrmypdf dont_import_this_ocrmypdf
+- pytest
+- mv dont_import_this_ocrmypdf ocrmypdf
+
+# See https://www.appneta.com/blog/pypi-deployment-with-travis-ci/ for
+# steps to set up testpypi deploy for untagged builds if desired
+
+deploy:
+  provider: pypi
+  user: ocrmypdf-travis
+  password:
+    secure: DTFOmmNL6olA0+yXvp4u9jXZlZeqrJsJ0526jzqf4a3gZ6jnGTq5UI6WzRsslSyoMMfXKtHQebqHM6ogSgCZinyZ3ufHJo8fn9brxbEc2gsiWkbj5o3bGwdWMT1vNNE7XW0VCpw87rZ1EEwjl4FJHFudMlPR1yfU5+uq0k0PACo=
+  distributions: "sdist bdist_wheel"
+  on:
+    branch: master
+    tags: true
+    condition: $TRAVIS_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.6"
+  skip_upload_docs: true

Dockerfile

@@ -1,91 +1,54 @@
 # OCRmyPDF
 #
-# VERSION               3.2
-FROM      debian:stretch
+# VERSION               4.4.2
+FROM      ubuntu:16.10
 MAINTAINER James R. Barlow <jim@purplerock.ca>
 
-# Add unprivileged user
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+  software-properties-common python-software-properties \
+  python3-wheel \
+  python3-reportlab \
+  python3-venv \
+  ghostscript \
+  qpdf \
+  poppler-utils \
+  unpaper \
+  libffi-dev \ 
+  tesseract-ocr \
+  tesseract-ocr-eng \
+  tesseract-ocr-fra \
+  tesseract-ocr-spa \
+  tesseract-ocr-deu
+
+RUN python3 -m venv --system-site-packages /appenv
+
+# This installs the latest binary wheel instead of the code in the current
+# folder. Installing from source will fail, apparently because cffi needs
+# build-essentials (gcc) to do a source installation 
+# (i.e. "pip install ."). It's unclear to me why this is the case.
+RUN . /appenv/bin/activate; \
+  pip install --upgrade pip \
+  && pip install ocrmypdf
+
+# Now copy the application in, mainly to get the test suite.
+# Do this now to make the best use of Docker cache.
+COPY . /application
+RUN . /appenv/bin/activate; \
+  pip install -r /application/test_requirements.txt
+
+# Remove the junk, including the source version of application since it was
+# already installed
+RUN rm -rf /tmp/* /var/tmp/* /root/* /application/ocrmypdf \
+  && apt-get autoremove -y \
+  && apt-get autoclean -y
+
 RUN useradd docker \
   && mkdir /home/docker \
   && chown docker:docker /home/docker
 
-# Update system and install our dependencies
-# If this command takes too Docker hub's automated build will timeout,
-# so try it in portions
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-  locales \
-  python3 \
-  python3-pip \
-  python3-venv \
-  python3-reportlab \
-  python3-pil \
-  python3-wheel
-
-RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-  unpaper \
-  qpdf \
-  poppler-utils \
-  tesseract-ocr \
-  tesseract-ocr-deu tesseract-ocr-spa tesseract-ocr-eng tesseract-ocr-fra
-
-RUN apt-get install -qy --no-install-recommends \
-  libffi-dev \
-  libpython3-dev \
-  gcc
-
-# Install Ghostscript from Debian sid to work around JPEG 2000 issue in
-# Debian stretch libgs9 or gs 9.16~dfsg-2.1
-
-COPY ./share/etc-apt-sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
-
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y ghostscript/sid
-
-
-# Enforce UTF-8
-# Borrowed from https://index.docker.io/u/crosbymichael/python/ 
-RUN dpkg-reconfigure locales && \
-  locale-gen C.UTF-8 && \
-  /usr/sbin/update-locale LANG=C.UTF-8
-ENV LC_ALL C.UTF-8
-
-
-# Set up a Python virtualenv and take all of the system packages, so we can
-# rely on the platform packages rather than importing GCC and compiling them
-RUN pyvenv /appenv \
-  && pyvenv --system-site-packages /appenv
-
-COPY . /application/
-
-# Replace stock Tesseract 3.04.00 font with improved sharp2.ttf that resolves
-# issues in many PDF viewers.
-# Discussion is in https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/issues/182
-COPY ./share/sharp2.ttf /usr/share/tesseract-ocr/tessdata/pdf.ttf
-RUN chmod 644 /usr/share/tesseract-ocr/tessdata/pdf.ttf
-
-# Set this here to force a docker version, allowing non-tagged versions to
-# be built
-# ENV SETUPTOOLS_SCM_PRETEND_VERSION=v3.3.0
-
-# Install application and dependencies
-# In this arrangement Pillow and reportlab will be provided by the system
-# Even though ocrmypdf is locally present, pull from PyPI because
-# Dockerhub and setuptools_scm clash
-RUN . /appenv/bin/activate; \
-  pip install --upgrade pip \
-  && pip install ocrmypdf \
-  && pip install --no-cache-dir -r /application/test_requirements.txt
-
-# Remove the junk
-RUN apt-get remove -qy gcc
-RUN apt-get autoremove -y && apt-get clean -y
-RUN rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* /root/*
-
 USER docker
 WORKDIR /home/docker
 
-ENV OCRMYPDF_TEST_OUTPUT=/tmp/test-output
-ENV OCRMYPDF_SHARP_TTF=1
-
 # Must use array form of ENTRYPOINT
 # Non-array form does not append other arguments, because that is "intuitive"
-ENTRYPOINT ["/application/docker-wrapper.sh"]
+ENTRYPOINT ["/application/docker-wrapper.sh"]

Dockerfile.polyglot

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 # OCRmyPDF polyglot
 #
-# VERSION               3.2
+# VERSION               4.4.2
 FROM      jbarlow83/ocrmypdf:latest
 MAINTAINER James R. Barlow <jim@purplerock.ca>
 
-# Update system and install our dependencies
 USER root
+
+# Update system and install our dependencies
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
   tesseract-ocr-all 
 
+RUN apt-get autoremove -y && apt-get clean -y
+
 USER docker
 
 # Must use array form of ENTRYPOINT

Dockerfile.tess4

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# OCRmyPDF
+#
+# VERSION               4.4.2
+FROM 	ubuntu:16.10
+MAINTAINER James R. Barlow <jim@purplerock.ca>
+
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+  software-properties-common python-software-properties \
+  python3-wheel \
+  python3-reportlab \
+  python3-venv \
+  ghostscript \
+  qpdf \
+  poppler-utils \
+  unpaper \
+  libffi-dev
+
+RUN add-apt-repository ppa:alex-p/tesseract-ocr
+
+RUN apt-get update \
+	&& apt-get autoremove -y \
+	&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+		tesseract-ocr \
+		tesseract-ocr-eng \
+		tesseract-ocr-fra \
+		tesseract-ocr-deu \
+		tesseract-ocr-spa \
+		tesseract-ocr-por \
+		tesseract-ocr-ara \
+		tesseract-ocr-rus \
+		tesseract-ocr-chi-sim 
+
+RUN python3 -m venv --system-site-packages /appenv
+
+# This installs the latest binary wheel instead of the code in the current
+# folder. Installing from source will fail, apparently because cffi needs
+# build-essentials (gcc) to do a source installation 
+# (i.e. "pip install ."). It's unclear to me why this is the case.
+RUN . /appenv/bin/activate; \
+  pip install --upgrade pip \
+  && pip install ocrmypdf
+
+# Now copy the application in, mainly to get the test suite.
+# Do this now to make the best use of Docker cache.
+COPY . /application
+RUN . /appenv/bin/activate; \
+  pip install -r /application/test_requirements.txt
+
+# Remove the junk, including the source version of application since it was
+# already installed
+RUN rm -rf /tmp/* /var/tmp/* /root/* /application/ocrmypdf \
+  && apt-get autoremove -y \
+  && apt-get autoclean -y
+
+RUN useradd docker \
+  && mkdir /home/docker \
+  && chown docker:docker /home/docker
+
+USER docker
+WORKDIR /home/docker
+
+# Must use array form of ENTRYPOINT
+# Non-array form does not append other arguments, because that is "intuitive"
+ENTRYPOINT ["/application/docker-wrapper.sh"]

MANIFEST.in

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ include .dockerignore
 # tests
 include pytest.ini
 recursive-include tests *.jpg
+recursive-include tests *.png
 recursive-include tests *.pdf
 recursive-include tests *.py
 recursive-include tests *.rst
@@ -27,10 +28,14 @@ recursive-exclude tests/cache *
 include *.rst
 include pipeline.svg
 recursive-exclude .github * 
+recursive-include docs *.py
+recursive-include docs *.rst
+recursive-include docs *.svg
+recursive-exclude docs/_build *
+
 
 # support files
 recursive-include ocrmypdf/data *
-recursive-include share *
 include *.py
 exclude tasks.py
 

README.rst

@@ -2,7 +2,20 @@ OCRmyPDF
 ========
 
 OCRmyPDF adds an OCR text layer to scanned PDF files, allowing them to
-be searched.
+be searched or copy-pasted.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   ocrmypdf                      # it's a scriptable command line program
+      -l eng+fra                 # it supports multiple languages
+      --rotate-pages             # it can fix pages that are misrotated
+      --deskew                   # it can deskew crooked PDFs!
+      --title "My PDF"           # it can change output metadata
+      --jobs 4                   # it uses multiple cores by default
+      --output-type pdfa         # it produces PDF/A by default
+      input_scanned.pdf          # takes PDF input (or images)
+      output_searchable.pdf      # produces validated PDF output
+
 
 Main features
 -------------
@@ -38,286 +51,18 @@ Linux/UNIX: I found many, but none of them were really satisfying.
 -  Or they did not produce valid PDF files (even though they were readable with my current PDF reader)
 -  On top of that none of them produced PDF/A files (format dedicated for long time storage)
 
-... so I decided to develop my own tool (using various existing scripts
-as an inspiration)
+...so I decided to develop my own tool (using various existing scripts
+as an inspiration). 
 
 Installation
 ------------
 
-Download OCRmyPDF here: https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF/releases
-
-These steps describe how to install OCRmyPDF on your system.
-
-- `Installing on Debian and Ubuntu`_ (Debian stretch and Ubuntu 16.10 or later)
-- `Installing the Docker image`_
-- `Installing on Mac OS X`_
-- `Installing on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS`_
-- Installing and running on `Windows`_ using the Docker image
-
-If you prefer to install from source or install OCRmyPDF to a Python virtual environment, see steps for `Installing HEAD revision from sources`_.
-
-.. _Windows: `Installing on Windows`_
-
-
-Installing on Debian and Ubuntu
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Linux, UNIX, and macOS are supported. Windows is not directly supported but there is a Docker image available that runs on Windows.
 
 Users of Debian 9 or later or Ubuntu 16.10 or later may simply
 ``apt-get install ocrmypdf``.
 
-.. _Docker:
-
-Installing the Docker image
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-For many users, installing the Docker image will be easier than installing all of OCRmyPDF's dependencies. For Windows, it is the only option.
-
-If you have `Docker <https://docs.docker.com/>`_ installed on your system, you can install
-a Docker image of the latest release.
-
-Follow the Docker installation instructions for your platform.  If you can run this command
-successfully, your system is ready to download and execute the image:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   docker run hello-world
-   
-OCRmyPDF will use all available CPU cores.  By default, the VirtualBox machine instance on Windows and OS X has only a single CPU core enabled. Use the VirtualBox Manager to determine the name of your Docker engine host, and then follow these optional steps to enable multiple CPUs:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   # Optional step for Mac OS X users
-   docker-machine stop "yourVM"
-   VBoxManage modifyvm "yourVM" --cpus 2  # or whatever number of core is desired
-   docker-machine start "yourVM"
-   eval $(docker-machine env "yourVM")
-
-Assuming you have a Docker engine running somewhere, you can run these commands to download
-the image:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   docker pull jbarlow83/ocrmypdf
-
-Then tag it to give a more convenient name, just ocrmypdf:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   docker tag jbarlow83/ocrmypdf ocrmypdf
-
-This image contains language packs for English, French, Spanish and German. The alternative "polyglot" image provides `all available language packs <https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/blob/master/doc/tesseract.1.asc#languages>`_:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   # Alternative step: If you need all language packs
-   docker pull jbarlow83/ocrmypdf-polyglot
-   docker tag jbarlow83/ocrmypdf-polyglot ocrmypdf
-
-You can then run ocrmypdf using the command:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   docker run ocrmypdf --help
-  
-To execute the OCRmyPDF on a local file, you must `provide a writable volume to the Docker image <https://docs.docker.com/userguide/dockervolumes/>`_, such as this in this template:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   docker run -v "$(pwd):/home/docker" <other docker arguments>   ocrmypdf <your arguments to ocrmypdf>
-
-In this worked example, the current working directory contains an input file called ``test.pdf`` and the output will go to ``output.pdf``: 
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   docker run -v "$(pwd):/home/docker"   ocrmypdf --skip-text test.pdf output.pdf
-
-Note that ``ocrmypdf`` has its own separate ``-v VERBOSITYLEVEL`` argument to control debug verbosity. All Docker arguments should before the ``ocrmypdf`` image name and all arguments to ``ocrmypdf`` should be listed after.
-
-
-Installing on Mac OS X
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-These instructions probably work on all Mac OS X versions later than 10.7 (Lion). OCRmyPDF is known to work on Yosemite and El Capitan, and regularly tested on El Capitan.
-
-If it's not already present, `install Homebrew <http://brew.sh/>`_.
-
-Update Homebrew:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   brew update
-   
-Install or upgrade the required Homebrew packages, if any are missing:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   brew install libpng openjpeg jbig2dec libtiff     # image libraries
-   brew install qpdf
-   brew install ghostscript
-   brew install python3
-   brew install libxml2 libffi leptonica
-   brew install unpaper   # optional
-   
-Install the required Tesseract OCR engine with the language packs you plan to use:
-   
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   brew install tesseract                       # Option 1: for English
-   
-.. code-block:: bash
-   
-   brew install tesseract --with-all-languages  # Option 2: for all language packs 
-   
-Update the homebrew pip and install Pillow:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   pip3 install --upgrade pip
-   pip3 install --upgrade pillow
-
-You can then install OCRmyPDF from PyPI:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   pip3 install ocrmypdf
-
-The command line program should now be available:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   ocrmypdf --help
-
-Installing on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Installing on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (trusty) is more difficult than some other options, because of bugs in Python package installation.
-
-Add new "apt" repositories needed for backports of Ghostscript 9.16 and libav-11, which supports unpaper 6.1. This will replace Ghostscript on your system.
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vshn/ghostscript -y 
-   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:heyarje/libav-11 -y
-
-Update apt-get:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   sudo apt-get update
-   sudo apt-get upgrade
-   
-Install system dependencies:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   sudo apt-get install \
-      zlib1g-dev \
-      libjpeg-dev \
-      libffi-dev \
-      libavformat56 libavcodec56 libavutil54 \
-      ghostscript \
-      tesseract-ocr \
-      qpdf \
-      python3-pip \
-      python3-pil \
-      python3-pytest \
-      python3-reportlab
-
-If you wish install OCRmyPDF to the system Python, then install as follows (note this installs new packages
-into your system Python, which could interfere with other programs):
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   sudo pip3 install ocrmypdf
-   
-If you wish to install OCRmyPDF to a virtual environment to isolate the system Python, you can
-follow these steps.  This includes a workaround `for a known, unresolved issue in Ubuntu 14.04's ensurepip
-package <http://www.thefourtheye.in/2014/12/Python-venv-problem-with-ensurepip-in-Ubuntu.html>`_:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   sudo apt-get install python3-venv
-   python3 -m venv venv-ocrmypdf --without-pip
-   source venv-ocrmypdf/bin/activate
-   wget -O - -o /dev/null https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python
-   deactivate
-   python3 -m venv --system-site-packages venv-ocrmypdf
-   source venv-ocrmypdf/bin/activate
-   pip install ocrmypdf
-
-These installation instructions omit the optional dependency ``unpaper``, which is only available at version 0.4.2 in Ubuntu 14.04. The author could not find a backport of ``unpaper`` and is not motivated to figure how to set up a Ubuntu PPA to distribute it. You can create a .deb package to do the job of installing unpaper 6.1 (for x86 64-bit only):
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   wget -q https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/28971240/unpaper_6.1-1.deb -O unpaper_6.1-1.deb
-   sudo dpkg -i unpaper_6.1-1.deb
-
-
-Installing on Windows
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Direct installation on Windows is not possible.  Install the _`Docker` container as described above.  Ensure that your command prompt can run the docker "hello world" container.
-
-Running on Windows
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The command line syntax to run ocrmypdf from a command prompt will resemble:
-
-.. code-block:: bat
-
-   docker run -v /c/Users/sampleuser:/home/docker ocrmypdf --skip-text test.pdf output.pdf
-
-where /c/Users/sampleuser is a Unix representation of the Windows path C:\\Users\\sampleuser, assuming a user named "sampleuser" is running ocrmypdf on a file in their home directory, and the files "test.pdf" and "output.pdf" are in the sampleuser folder. The Windows user must have read and write permissions.
-      
-Installing HEAD revision from sources
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-If you have ``git`` and ``python3.4`` or ``python3.5`` installed, you can install from source. When the ``pip`` installer runs,
-it will alert you if dependencies are missing.
-
-To install the HEAD revision from sources in the current Python 3 environment:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   pip3 install git+https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF.git
-
-Or, to install in `development mode <https://pythonhosted.org/setuptools/setuptools.html#development-mode>`_,  allowing customization of OCRmyPDF, use the ``-e`` flag:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   pip3 install -e git+https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF.git
-   
-On certain Linux distributions such as Ubuntu, you may need to use 
-run the install command as superuser:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   sudo pip3 install [-e] git+https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF.git
-   
-Note that this will alter your system's Python distribution. If you prefer 
-to not install as superuser, you can install the package in a Python virtual environment:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-   git clone -b master https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF.git
-   python3 -m venv
-   source venv/bin/activate
-   cd OCRmyPDF
-   pip3 install .
-
-However, ``ocrmypdf`` will only be accessible on the system PATH after
-you activate the virtual environment.
-
-To run the program:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-   
-   ocrmypdf --help
-
-If not yet installed, the script will notify you about dependencies that
-need to be installed. The script requires specific versions of the
-dependencies. Older version than the ones mentioned in the release notes
-are likely not to be compatible to OCRmyPDF.
+For everyone else, `see our documentation <https://ocrmypdf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html>`_ for installation steps.
 
 Languages
 ---------
@@ -331,13 +76,13 @@ you can often find packages that provide language packs:
    apt-cache search tesseract-ocr
 
    # Debian/Ubuntu users
-   sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr-chi-sim  # Example: Install Chinese Simplified language back
+   apt-get install tesseract-ocr-chi-sim  # Example: Install Chinese Simplified language back
    
 You can then pass the ``-l LANG`` argument to OCRmyPDF to give a hint as to what languages it should search for. Multiple
 languages can be requested.
 
-Support
--------
+Documentation and support
+-------------------------
 
 Once ocrmypdf is installed, the built-in help which explains the command syntax and options can be accessed via:
 
@@ -345,7 +90,7 @@ Once ocrmypdf is installed, the built-in help which explains the command syntax
 
    ocrmypdf --help
 
-The `Wiki <https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF/wiki>`_ page also contains some tips and suggests.
+Our `documentation is served on Read the Docs <https://ocrmypdf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html>`_.
 
 If you detect an issue, please:
 

RELEASE_NOTES.rst

@@ -4,21 +4,114 @@ RELEASE NOTES
 OCRmyPDF uses `semantic versioning <http://semver.org/>`_.
 
 
-v4.2.5:
-=======
+v4.5
+====
+
+-  Exotic PDFs containing "Form XObjects" are now supported (issue #134; PDF reference manual 8.10), and images they contain are taken into account when determining the resolution for rasterizing
+-  The Tesseract 4 Docker image no longer includes all languages, because it took so long to build something would tend to fail
+-  OCRmyPDF now warns about using ``--pdf-renderer tesseract`` with Tesseract 3.04 or lower due to issues with Ghostscript corrupting the OCR text in these cases
+
+
+v4.4.2
+======
+
+-  The Docker images (ocrmypdf, ocrmypdf-polyglot, ocrmypdf-tess4) are now based on Ubuntu 16.10 instead of Debian stretch
+
+   + This makes supporting the Tesseract 4 image easier
+   + This could be a disruptive change for any Docker users who built customized these images with their own changes, and made those changes in a way that depends on Debian and not Ubuntu
+
+-  OCRmyPDF now prevents running the Tesseract 4 renderer with Tesseract 3.04, which was permitted in v4.4 and v4.4.1 but will not work
+
+
+v4.4.1
+======
+
+-  To prevent a `TIFF output error <https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/2206>`_ caused by img2pdf >= 0.2.1 and Pillow <= 3.4.2, dependencies have been tightened
+-  The Tesseract 4.00 simultaneous process limit was increased from 1 to 2, since it was observed that 1 lowers performance
+-  Documentation improvements to describe the ``--tesseract-config`` feature 
+-  Added test cases and fixed error handling for ``--tesseract-config``
+-  Tweaks to setup.py to deal with issues in the v4.4 release
+
+v4.4
+====
+
+-  Tesseract 4.00 is now supported on an experimental basis.
+
+   +  A new rendering option ``--pdf-renderer tess4`` exploits Tesseract 4's new text-only output PDF mode. See the documentation on PDF Renderers for details.
+   +  The ``--tesseract-oem`` argument allows control over the Tesseract 4 OCR engine mode (tesseract's ``--oem``). Use ``--tesseract-oem 2`` to enforce the new LSTM mode.
+   +  Fixed poor performance with Tesseract 4.00 on Linux
+
+-  Fixed an issue that caused corruption of output to stdout in some cases
+-  Removed test for Pillow JPEG and PNG support, as the minimum supported version of Pillow now enforces this
+-  OCRmyPDF now tests that the intended destination file is writable before proceeding
+-  The test suite now requires ``pytest-helpers-namespace`` to run (but not install)
+-  Significant code reorganization to make OCRmyPDF re-entrant and improve performance. All changes should be backward compatible for the v4.x series.
+
+   + However, OCRmyPDF's dependency "ruffus" is not re-entrant, so no Python API is available. Scripts should continue to use the command line interface.
+
+
+v4.3.5
+======
+
+-  Update documentation to confirm Python 3.6.0 compatibility. No code changes were needed, so many earlier versions are likely supported.
+
+
+v4.3.4
+======
+
+-  Fixed "decimal.InvalidOperation: quantize result has too many digits" for high DPI images
+
+
+v4.3.3
+======
+
+-  Fixed PDF/A creation with Ghostscript 9.20 properly
+-  Fixed an exception on inline stencil masks with a missing optional parameter
+
+
+v4.3.2
+======
+
+-  Fixed a PDF/A creation issue with Ghostscript 9.20 (note: this fix did not actually work)
+
+
+v4.3.1
+======
+
+-  Fixed an issue where pages produced by the "hocr" renderer after a Tesseract timeout would be rotated incorrectly if the input page was rotated with a /Rotate marker
+-  Fixed a file handle leak in LeptonicaErrorTrap that would cause a "too many open files" error for files around hundred pages of pages long when ``--deskew`` or ``--remove-background`` or other Leptonica based image processing features were in use, depending on the system value of ``ulimit -n``
+-  Ability to specify multiple languages for multilingual documents is now advertised in documentation
+-  Reduced the file sizes of some test resources
+-  Cleaned up debug output
+-  Tesseract caching in test cases is now more cautious about false cache hits and reproducing exact output, not that any problems were observed
+
+
+v4.3
+====
+
+-  New feature ``--remove-background`` to detect and erase the background of color and grayscale images
+-  Better documentation
+-  Fixed an issue with PDFs that draw images when the raster stack depth is zero 
+-  ocrmypdf can now redirect its output to stdout for use in a shell pipeline
+
+   +  This does not improve performance since temporary files are still used for buffering
+   +  Some output validation is disabled in this mode
+
+v4.2.5
+======
 
 -  Fixed an issue (#100) with PDFs that omit the optional /BitsPerComponent parameter on images
 -  Removed non-free file milk.pdf
 
 
-v4.2.4:
-=======
+v4.2.4
+======
 
 -  Fixed an error (#90) caused by PDFs that use stencil masks properly
 -  Fixed handling of PDFs that try to draw images or stencil masks without properly setting up the graphics state (such images are now ignored for the purposes of calculating DPI)
 
-v4.2.3:
-=======
+v4.2.3
+======
 
 -  Fixed an issue with PDFs that store page rotation (/Rotate) in an indirect object
 -  Integrated a few fixes to simplify downstream packaging (Debian)
@@ -31,21 +124,21 @@ v4.2.3:
 -  Deprecated the OCRmyPDF.sh shell script
 
 
-v4.2.2:
-=======
+v4.2.2
+======
 
 -  Improvements to documentation
 
 
-v4.2.1:
-=======
+v4.2.1
+======
 
 -  Fixed an issue where PDF pages that contained stencil masks would report an incorrect DPI and cause Ghostscript to abort
 -  Implemented stdin streaming
 
 
-v4.2:
-=====
+v4.2
+====
 
 -  ocrmypdf will now try to convert single image files to PDFs if they are provided as input (#15)
 
@@ -77,14 +170,14 @@ v4.2:
 
 -  Ghostscript now runs in "safer" mode where possible
 
-v4.1.4:
-=======
+v4.1.4
+======
 
 -  Bug fix: monochrome images with an ICC profile attached were incorrectly converted to full color images if lossless reconstruction was not possible due to other settings; consequence was increased file size for these images
 
 
-v4.1.3:
-=======
+v4.1.3
+======
 
 -  More helpful error message for PDFs with version 4 security handler
 -  Update usage instructions for Windows/Docker users
@@ -92,50 +185,50 @@ v4.1.3:
 -  Add a few leptonica wrapper functions (no effect on most users)
 
 
-v4.1.2:
-=======
+v4.1.2
+======
 
 -  Replace IEC sRGB ICC profile with Debian's sRGB (from icc-profiles-free) which is more compatible with the MIT license
 -  More helpful error message for an error related to certain types of malformed PDFs
 
 
-v4.1:
-=====
+v4.1
+====
 
 -  ``--rotate-pages`` now only rotates pages when reasonably confidence in the orientation. This behavior can be adjusted with the new argument ``--rotate-pages-threshold``
 -  Fixed problems in error checking if ``unpaper`` is uninstalled or missing at run-time
 -  Fixed problems with "RethrownJobError" errors during error handling that suppressed the useful error messages
 
 
-v4.0.7:
-=======
+v4.0.7
+======
 
 -  Minor correction to Ghostscript output settings
 
 
-v4.0.6:
-=======
+v4.0.6
+======
 
 -  Update install instructions
 -  Provide a sRGB profile instead of using Ghostscript's
 
 
-v4.0.5:
-=======
+v4.0.5
+======
 
 -  Remove some verbose debug messages from v4.0.4
 -  Fixed temporary that wasn't being deleted
 -  DPI is now calculated correctly for cropped images, along with other image transformations
 -  Inline images are now checked during DPI calculation instead of rejecting the image
 
-v4.0.4:
-=======
+v4.0.4
+======
 
 Released with verbose debug message turned on. Do not use. Skip to v4.0.5.
 
 
-v4.0.3:
-=======
+v4.0.3
+======
 
 New features
 ------------
@@ -152,8 +245,8 @@ Fixes
 -  Docker: fix blank JPEG2000 issue by insisting on Ghostscript versions that have this fixed
 
 
-v4.0.2:
-=======
+v4.0.2
+======
 
 Fixes
 -----
@@ -164,8 +257,8 @@ Fixes
 -  Fixed use of chmod on Docker that broke most test cases
 
 
-v4.0.1:
-=======
+v4.0.1
+======
 
 Fixes
 -----
@@ -173,8 +266,8 @@ Fixes
 -  Fixed a KeyError if tesseract fails to find page orientation information
 
 
-v4.0:
-=====
+v4.0
+====
 
 New features
 ------------
@@ -208,8 +301,8 @@ Changes
    to correct the problem.
 
 
-v3.2.1:
-=======
+v3.2.1
+======
 
 Changes
 -------
@@ -218,8 +311,8 @@ Changes
 -  Tweaked the Dockerfiles
 
 
-v3.2:
-=====
+v3.2
+====
 
 New features
 ------------
@@ -240,22 +333,22 @@ Changes
 
 
 
-v3.1.1:
-=======
+v3.1.1
+======
 
 Changes
 -------
 
 -  Fixed bug that caused incorrect page size and DPI calculations on documents with mixed page sizes
 
-v3.1:
-=====
+v3.1
+====
 
 Changes
 -------
 
 -  Default output format is now PDF/A-2b instead of PDF/A-1b
--  Python 3.5 and OS X El Capitan are now supported platforms - no changes were
+-  Python 3.5 and macOS El Capitan are now supported platforms - no changes were
    needed to implement support
 -  Improved some error messages related to missing input files
 -  Fixed issue #20 - uppercase .PDF extension not accepted
@@ -266,8 +359,8 @@ Changes
    Currently it always chooses the 'hocrtransform' renderer but that behavior may change.
 -  Set up Travis CI automatic integration testing
 
-v3.0:
-=====
+v3.0
+====
 
 New features
 ------------
@@ -416,9 +509,9 @@ Notes and known issues
    images almost never contain inline images.
 
 
-v2.2-stable (2014-09-29):
-=========================
+v2.2-stable (2014-09-29)
+========================
 
 OCRmyPDF versions 1 and 2 were implemented as shell scripts. OCRmyPDF 3.0+ is a fork that gradually replaced all shell scripts with Python while maintaining the existing command line arguments. No one is maintaining old versions.
 
-For details on older versions, see the `final version of its release notes <https://github.com/fritz-hh/OCRmyPDF/blob/7fd3dbdf42ca53a619412ce8add7532c5e81a9d1/RELEASE_NOTES.md>`_.
+For details on older versions, see the `final version of its release notes <https://github.com/fritz-hh/OCRmyPDF/blob/7fd3dbdf42ca53a619412ce8add7532c5e81a9d1/RELEASE_NOTES.md>`_.

dev_requirements.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
-check-manifest>=0.33
-setuptools-scm>=1.11.1
-twine>=1.8.1
-coverage>=4.2
+check-manifest >= 0.34
+twine >= 1.8.1
+coverage >= 4.3.1
+pytest-xdist >= 1.15.0
+GitPython == 2.1.0
+
+# Known good versions: 1.11.1
+# Known broken versions: 1.15.0
+setuptools-scm == 1.11.1
+setuptools-scm-git-archive == 1.0

docs/advanced.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+Advanced features
+=================
+
+Control of OCR options
+----------------------
+
+OCRmyPDF provides many features to control the behavior of the OCR engine, Tesseract.
+
+When OCR is skipped
+"""""""""""""""""""
+
+If a page in a PDF seems to have text, by default OCRmyPDF will exit without modifying the PDF. This is to ensure that PDFs that were previously OCRed or were "born digital" rather than scanned are not processed. 
+
+If ``--skip-text`` is issued, then no OCR will be performed on pages that already have text. The page will be copied to the output. This may be useful for documents that contain both "born digital" and scanned content, or to use OCRmyPDF to normalize and convert to PDF/A regardless of their contents.
+
+If ``--force-ocr`` is issued, then all pages will be rasterized to images, discarding any hidden OCR text, and rasterizing any printable text. This is useful for redoing OCR, for fixing OCR text with a damaged character map (text is selectable but not searchable), and destroying redacted information.
+
+
+Time and image size limits
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+By default, OCRmyPDF permits tesseract to run for only three minutes (180 seconds) per page. This is usually more than enough time to find all text on a reasonably sized page with modern hardware. 
+
+If a page is skipped, it will be inserted without OCR. If preprocessing was requested, the preprocessed image layer will be inserted.
+
+If you want to adjust the amount of time spent on OCR, change ``--tesseract-timeout``.  You can also automatically skip images that exceed a certain number of megapixels with ``--skip-big``. (A 300 DPI, 8.5×11" page is 8.4 megapixels.)
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	# Allow 300 seconds for OCR; skip any page larger than 50 megapixels
+	ocrmypdf --tesseract-timeout 300 --skip-big 50 bigfile.pdf output.pdf
+
+Overriding default tesseract
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+OCRmyPDF checks the environment variable ``OCRMYPDF_TESSERACT`` for the full path *to the tesseract executable* first. 
+
+For example, if you are testing tesseract 4.00 and don't wish to disturb your tesseract 3.04 installation, you can launch OCRmyPDF as follows:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	env \
+		OCRMYPDF_TESSERACT=/home/user/src/tesseract4/api/tesseract \
+		TESSDATA_PREFIX=/home/user/src/tesseract4 \
+		ocrmypdf --pdf-renderer tess4 --tesseract-oem 2 input.pdf output.pdf
+
+* ``TESSDATA_PREFIX`` directs tesseract 4.0 to use LSTM training data. This is a tesseract environment variable.
+* ``--pdf-renderer tess4`` takes advantage of new tesseract 4.0 PDF renderer in OCRmyPDF. (Tesseract 4.0 only.)
+* ``--tesseract-oem 1`` requests tesseract 4.0's new LSTM engine. (Tesseract 4.0 only.)
+
+Overriding other support programs
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+In addition to tesseract, OCRmyPDF uses the following external binaries:
+
+* ``gs`` (Ghostscript)
+* ``unpaper``
+* ``qpdf``
+
+In each case OCRmyPDF will check the environment variable ``OCRMYPDF_{program}`` before asking the system to find ``{program}`` on the PATH. For example, you could redirect OCRmyPDF to ``OCRMYPDF_GS`` to override Ghostscript.
+
+Changing tesseract configuration variables
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+You can override tesseract's default `control parameters <https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/wiki/ControlParams>`_ with a configuration file.
+
+As an example, this configuration will disable Tesseract's dictionary for current language. Normally the dictionary is helpful for interpolating words that are unclear, but it may interfere with OCR if the document does not contain many words (for example, a list of part numbers).
+
+Create a file named "no-dict.cfg" with these contents:
+
+::
+
+	load_system_dawg 0
+	language_model_penalty_non_dict_word 0
+	language_model_penalty_non_freq_dict_word 0
+
+then run ocrmypdf as follows (along with any other desired arguments):
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf --tesseract-config no-dict.cfg input.pdf output.pdf
+
+.. warning::
+
+	Some combinations of control parameters will break Tesseract or break assumptions that OCRmyPDF makes about Tesseract's output.
+
+
+Changing the PDF renderer
+-------------------------
+
+rasterizing
+  Converting a PDF to an image for display.
+
+rendering
+  Creating a new PDF from other data (such as an existing PDF).
+
+
+OCRmyPDF has three PDF renderers: ``hocr``, ``tesseract`` and ``tess4``. The renderer may be selected using ``--pdf-renderer``. The default is ``auto`` which lets OCRmyPDF select the renderer to use. Currently, ``auto`` always selects ``hocr``. 
+
+The ``hocr`` renderer
+"""""""""""""""""""""
+
+The ``hocr`` renderer is the default because it works in most cases. In this mode the whole PDF is rasterized, the raster image is run through OCR to generate a .hocr file, which is an HTML-like file that specifies the location of all identified words.
+
+The .hocr file is then rendered as a PDF and merged with the image layer.
+
+The image layer is copied from the original PDF page if possible, avoiding potentially lossy transcoding or loss of other PDF information. If preprocessing is specified, then the image layer is a new PDF.
+
+This is the only option for tesseract 3.02 and older.
+
+
+The ``tesseract`` renderer
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+The tesseract renderer uses tesseract's capability to produce a PDF directly. In version 3, tesseract automatically combined the image layer and text, meaning that this mode *always* transcodes and loses potentially loses image quality and other PDF information.
+
+It does a much better job on non-Latin text.
+
+In a future release this will become the "tess3" renderer and ultimately will be dropped.
+
+
+The ``tess4`` renderer
+""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+The tess4 renderer uses tesseract 4.00 alpha's text-only PDF feature added in January 2017. This combines the advantages of the tesseract and hocr renderers, transcoding the image layer only if required by preprocessing options.
+
+Ghostscript PDF/A still sometimes inserts spaces between words when the tess4 renderer is used, affecting search quality.  ``--output-pdf pdf`` may be used to avoid this issue.

docs/batch.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+Batch processing
+================
+
+This article provides information about running OCRmyPDF on multiple files or configuring it as a service triggered by file system events.
+
+Batch jobs
+----------
+
+Consider using the excellent `GNU Parallel <https://www.gnu.org/software/parallel/>`_ to apply OCRmyPDF to multiple files at once.
+
+Both ``parallel`` and ``ocrmypdf`` will try to use all available processors. To maximize parallelism without overloading your system with processes, consider using ``parallel -j 2`` to limit parallel to running two jobs at once.
+
+This command will run all ocrmypdf all files named ``*.pdf`` in the current directory and write them to the previous created ``output/`` folder. It will not search subdirectories.
+
+The ``--tag`` argument tells parallel to print the filename as a prefix whenever a message is printed, so that one can trace any errors to the file that produced them.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	parallel --tag -j 2 ocrmypdf '{}' 'output/{}' ::: *.pdf
+
+Directory trees
+---------------
+
+This will walk through a directory tree and run OCR on all files in place, printing the output in a way that makes 
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	find . --printf '%p' -name '*.pdf' -exec ocrmypdf '{}' '{}' \;
+
+This only runs one ``ocrmypdf`` process at a time. This variation uses ``find`` to create a directory list and ``parallel`` to parallelize runs of ``ocrmypdf``, again updating files in place.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	find . -name '*.pdf' | parallel --tag -j 2 ocrmypdf '{}' '{}'
+
+
+Sample script
+"""""""""""""
+
+This user contributed script also provides an example of batch processing.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+	#!/usr/bin/env python3
+	# Walk through directory tree, replacing all files with OCR'd version
+	# Contributed by DeliciousPickle@github
+
+	import logging
+	import os
+	import subprocess
+	import sys
+
+	script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
+	print(script_dir + '/ocr-tree.py: Start')
+
+	if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+	    start_dir = sys.argv[1]
+	else:
+	    start_dir = '.'
+
+	if len(sys.argv) > 2:
+	    log_file = sys.argv[2]
+	else:
+	    log_file = script_dir + '/ocr-tree.log'
+
+	logging.basicConfig(
+			level=logging.INFO, format='%(asctime)s %(message)s', 
+			filename=log_file, filemode='w')
+
+	for dir_name, subdirs, file_list in os.walk(start_dir):
+	    logging.info('\n')
+	    logging.info(dir_name + '\n')
+	    os.chdir(dir_name)
+	    for filename in file_list:
+	        file_ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1]
+	        if file_ext == '.pdf':
+	            full_path = dir_name + '/' + filename
+	            print(full_path)
+	            cmd = ["ocrmypdf",  "--deskew", filename, filename]
+	            logging.info(cmd)
+	            proc = subprocess.Popen(
+	            	cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+	            result = proc.stdout.read()
+	            if proc.returncode == 6:
+	                print("Skipped document because it already contained text")
+	            elif proc.returncode == 0:
+	                print("OCR complete")
+	            logging.info(result)
+
+API
+"""
+
+OCRmyPDF is currently supported as a command line interface. Due to limitations in one of the libraries OCRmyPDF depends on, it is not yet usable as an API.
+
+
+Huge batch jobs
+"""""""""""""""
+
+If you have thousands of files to work with, contact the author.
+
+
+Hot (watched) folders
+---------------------
+
+To set up a "hot folder" that will trigger OCR for every file inserted, use a program like Python `watchdog <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/watchdog>`_ (supports all major OS).
+
+One could then configure a scanner to automatically place scanned files in a hot folder, so that they will be queued for OCR and copied to the destination.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	pip install watchdog
+
+watchdog installs the command line program ``watchmedo``, which can be told to run ``ocrmypdf`` on any .pdf added to the current directory (``.``) and place the result in the previously created ``out/`` folder.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	cd hot-folder
+	mkdir out
+	watchmedo shell-command \
+		--patterns="*.pdf" \
+		--ignore-directories \
+		--command='ocrmypdf "${watch_src_path}" "out/${watch_src_path}" ' \
+		.  # don't forget the final dot
+
+For more complex behavior you can write a Python script around to use the watchdog API.
+
+On file servers, you could configure watchmedo as a system service so it will run all the time.
+
+Caveats
+"""""""
+
+* ``watchmedo`` may not work properly on a networked file system, depending on the capabilities of the file system client and server.
+* This simple recipe does not filter for the type of file system event, so file copies, deletes and moves, and directory operations, will all be sent to ocrmypdf, producing errors in several cases. Disable your watched folder if you are doing anything other than copying files to it.
+* If the source and destination directory are the same, watchmedo may create an infinite loop.
+* On BSD, FreeBSD and older versions of macOS, you may need to increase the number of file descriptors to monitor more files, using ``ulimit -n 1024`` to watch a folder of up to 1024 files.
+
+Alternatives
+""""""""""""
+
+* `Watchman <https://facebook.github.io/watchman/>`_ is a more powerful alternative to ``watchmedo``.
+
+

docs/bitmap_vs_svg.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 915 585" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
+<defs>
+<linearGradient id="b" y2="445" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse" y1="179" gradientTransform="translate(0 -2.06)" x2="-29.7" x1="322">
+<stop stop-color="#333" offset="0"/>
+<stop stop-color="#fff" stop-opacity="0" offset="1"/>
+</linearGradient>
+<linearGradient id="a" y2="414" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse" y1="159" x2="490" x1="815">
+<stop stop-color="#33f" offset="0"/>
+<stop stop-color="#3f3fff" stop-opacity="0" offset="1"/>
+</linearGradient>
+</defs>
+<path fill="url(#b)" d="m403 247c-12 115-135 122-368 123-4.3-1.07-7.32-7.33-6-41 76-37 151-124 167-236 93 123 201 40.9 207 154z"/>
+<g stroke-width="3.45" fill="none">
+<path stroke="#000" d="m11.8 11.8h411v411l-411 0.01v-411z"/>
+<path stroke="#448" d="m489 11.7h415v411h-415v-411z"/>
+</g>
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docs/conf.py

@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# ocrmypdf documentation build configuration file, created by
+# sphinx-quickstart on Sun Sep  4 14:29:43 2016.
+#
+# This file is execfile()d with the current directory set to its
+# containing dir.
+#
+# Note that not all possible configuration values are present in this
+# autogenerated file.
+#
+# All configuration values have a default; values that are commented out
+# serve to show the default.
+
+# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
+# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
+# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
+#
+# import os
+# import sys
+# sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.'))
+
+# -- General configuration ------------------------------------------------
+
+# If your documentation needs a minimal Sphinx version, state it here.
+#
+# needs_sphinx = '1.0'
+
+# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
+# extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
+# ones.
+extensions = [
+    # 'sphinx.ext.mathjax',
+]
+
+# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
+templates_path = ['_templates']
+
+# The suffix(es) of source filenames.
+# You can specify multiple suffix as a list of string:
+#
+# source_suffix = ['.rst', '.md']
+source_suffix = '.rst'
+
+# The encoding of source files.
+#
+# source_encoding = 'utf-8-sig'
+
+# The master toctree document.
+master_doc = 'index'
+
+# General information about the project.
+project = 'ocrmypdf'
+copyright = '2017, James R. Barlow'
+author = 'James R. Barlow'
+
+# The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
+# |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
+# built documents.
+#
+# The short X.Y version.
+from ocrmypdf import VERSION as OCRMYPDF_VERSION
+
+_version_parts = OCRMYPDF_VERSION.split('.')
+
+version = '.'.join(_version_parts[0:2])
+# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
+release = OCRMYPDF_VERSION
+
+# The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
+# for a list of supported languages.
+#
+# This is also used if you do content translation via gettext catalogs.
+# Usually you set "language" from the command line for these cases.
+language = None
+
+# There are two options for replacing |today|: either, you set today to some
+# non-false value, then it is used:
+#
+# today = ''
+#
+# Else, today_fmt is used as the format for a strftime call.
+#
+today_fmt = '%Y-%m-%d'
+
+# List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
+# directories to ignore when looking for source files.
+# This patterns also effect to html_static_path and html_extra_path
+exclude_patterns = ['_build', 'Thumbs.db', '.DS_Store']
+
+# The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all
+# documents.
+#
+# default_role = None
+
+# If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
+#
+# add_function_parentheses = True
+
+# If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description
+# unit titles (such as .. function::).
+#
+# add_module_names = True
+
+# If true, sectionauthor and moduleauthor directives will be shown in the
+# output. They are ignored by default.
+#
+# show_authors = False
+
+# The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
+pygments_style = 'sphinx'
+
+# A list of ignored prefixes for module index sorting.
+# modindex_common_prefix = []
+
+# If true, keep warnings as "system message" paragraphs in the built documents.
+# keep_warnings = False
+
+# If true, `todo` and `todoList` produce output, else they produce nothing.
+todo_include_todos = False
+
+
+# -- Options for HTML output ----------------------------------------------
+
+import sphinx_rtd_theme
+
+# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages.  See the documentation for
+# a list of builtin themes.
+#
+html_theme = 'sphinx_rtd_theme'
+html_theme_path = [sphinx_rtd_theme.get_html_theme_path()]
+
+# Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
+# further.  For a list of options available for each theme, see the
+# documentation.
+#
+html_theme_options = {
+    'display_version': False
+}
+
+# Add any paths that contain custom themes here, relative to this directory.
+# html_theme_path = []
+
+# The name for this set of Sphinx documents.
+# "<project> v<release> documentation" by default.
+#
+# html_title = 'ocrmypdf v4.2'
+
+# A shorter title for the navigation bar.  Default is the same as html_title.
+#
+# html_short_title = None
+
+# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
+# of the sidebar.
+#
+# html_logo = None
+
+# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to use as a favicon of
+# the docs.  This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
+# pixels large.
+#
+# html_favicon = None
+
+# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
+# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
+# so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
+html_static_path = ['_static']
+
+# Add any extra paths that contain custom files (such as robots.txt or
+# .htaccess) here, relative to this directory. These files are copied
+# directly to the root of the documentation.
+#
+# html_extra_path = []
+
+# If not None, a 'Last updated on:' timestamp is inserted at every page
+# bottom, using the given strftime format.
+# The empty string is equivalent to '%b %d, %Y'.
+#
+# html_last_updated_fmt = None
+
+# If true, SmartyPants will be used to convert quotes and dashes to
+# typographically correct entities.
+#
+# html_use_smartypants = True
+
+# Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
+#
+# html_sidebars = {}
+
+# Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
+# template names.
+#
+# html_additional_pages = {}
+
+# If false, no module index is generated.
+#
+# html_domain_indices = True
+
+# If false, no index is generated.
+#
+# html_use_index = True
+
+# If true, the index is split into individual pages for each letter.
+#
+# html_split_index = False
+
+# If true, links to the reST sources are added to the pages.
+#
+# html_show_sourcelink = True
+
+# If true, "Created using Sphinx" is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
+#
+# html_show_sphinx = True
+
+# If true, "(C) Copyright ..." is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
+#
+# html_show_copyright = True
+
+# If true, an OpenSearch description file will be output, and all pages will
+# contain a <link> tag referring to it.  The value of this option must be the
+# base URL from which the finished HTML is served.
+#
+# html_use_opensearch = ''
+
+# This is the file name suffix for HTML files (e.g. ".xhtml").
+# html_file_suffix = None
+
+# Language to be used for generating the HTML full-text search index.
+# Sphinx supports the following languages:
+#   'da', 'de', 'en', 'es', 'fi', 'fr', 'h', 'it', 'ja'
+#   'nl', 'no', 'pt', 'ro', 'r', 'sv', 'tr', 'zh'
+#
+# html_search_language = 'en'
+
+# A dictionary with options for the search language support, empty by default.
+# 'ja' uses this config value.
+# 'zh' user can custom change `jieba` dictionary path.
+#
+# html_search_options = {'type': 'default'}
+
+# The name of a javascript file (relative to the configuration directory) that
+# implements a search results scorer. If empty, the default will be used.
+#
+# html_search_scorer = 'scorer.js'
+
+# Output file base name for HTML help builder.
+htmlhelp_basename = 'ocrmypdfdoc'
+
+# -- Options for LaTeX output ---------------------------------------------
+
+latex_elements = {
+     # The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper').
+     #
+     # 'papersize': 'letterpaper',
+
+     # The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
+     #
+     # 'pointsize': '10pt',
+
+     # Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
+     #
+     # 'preamble': '',
+
+     # Latex figure (float) alignment
+     #
+     # 'figure_align': 'htbp',
+}
+
+# Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
+# (source start file, target name, title,
+#  author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
+latex_documents = [
+    (master_doc, 'ocrmypdf.tex', 'ocrmypdf Documentation',
+     'James R. Barlow', 'manual'),
+]
+
+# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
+# the title page.
+#
+# latex_logo = None
+
+# For "manual" documents, if this is true, then toplevel headings are parts,
+# not chapters.
+#
+# latex_use_parts = False
+
+# If true, show page references after internal links.
+#
+# latex_show_pagerefs = False
+
+# If true, show URL addresses after external links.
+#
+# latex_show_urls = False
+
+# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
+#
+# latex_appendices = []
+
+# It false, will not define \strong, \code, 	itleref, \crossref ... but only
+# \sphinxstrong, ..., \sphinxtitleref, ... To help avoid clash with user added
+# packages.
+#
+# latex_keep_old_macro_names = True
+
+# If false, no module index is generated.
+#
+# latex_domain_indices = True
+
+
+# -- Options for manual page output ---------------------------------------
+
+# One entry per manual page. List of tuples
+# (source start file, name, description, authors, manual section).
+man_pages = [
+    (master_doc, 'ocrmypdf', 'ocrmypdf Documentation',
+     [author], 1)
+]
+
+# If true, show URL addresses after external links.
+#
+# man_show_urls = False
+
+
+# -- Options for Texinfo output -------------------------------------------
+
+# Grouping the document tree into Texinfo files. List of tuples
+# (source start file, target name, title, author,
+#  dir menu entry, description, category)
+texinfo_documents = [
+    (master_doc, 'ocrmypdf', 'ocrmypdf Documentation',
+     author, 'ocrmypdf', 'One line description of project.',
+     'Miscellaneous'),
+]
+
+# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
+#
+# texinfo_appendices = []
+
+# If false, no module index is generated.
+#
+# texinfo_domain_indices = True
+
+# How to display URL addresses: 'footnote', 'no', or 'inline'.
+#
+# texinfo_show_urls = 'footnote'
+
+# If true, do not generate a @detailmenu in the "Top" node's menu.
+#
+# texinfo_no_detailmenu = False

docs/cookbook.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+Cookbook
+========
+
+Basic examples
+--------------
+
+Help!
+"""""
+
+ocrmypdf has built-in help.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf --help
+
+
+Add an OCR layer and convert to PDF/A
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf input.pdf output.pdf
+
+Add an OCR layer and output a standard PDF
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf --output-type pdf input.pdf output.pdf
+
+Modify a file in place
+""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+The file will only be overwritten if OCRmyPDF is successful.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf myfile.pdf myfile.pdf
+
+Correct page rotation
+"""""""""""""""""""""
+
+OCR will attempt to automatic correct the rotation of each page. This can help fix a scanning job that contains a mix of landscape and portrait pages.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf --rotate-pages myfile.pdf myfile.pdf
+
+You can increase (decrease) the parameter ``--rotate-pages-threshold`` to make page rotation more (less) aggressive.
+
+
+OCR languages other than English
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+By default OCRmyPDF assumes the document is English. 
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf -l fre LeParisien.pdf LeParisien.pdf
+	ocrmypdf -l eng+fre Bilingual-English-French.pdf Bilingual-English-French.pdf
+
+Language packs must be installed for all languages specified. See :ref:`Installing additional language packs <lang-packs>`.
+
+
+Produce PDF and text file containing OCR text
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+This produces a file named "output.pdf" and a companion text file named "output.txt". The ``pdftotext`` program from 
+`Poppler <https://poppler.freedesktop.org/>`_ is used to extract text from the finished PDF.
+
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf input.pdf - | tee output.pdf | pdftotext - output.txt
+
+.. note::
+
+	To get pdftotext, Debian/Ubuntu users may ``apt-get install poppler-utils`` 
+	and macOS users may ``brew install poppler`` respectively.
+
+
+OCR images, not PDFs
+--------------------
+
+Use a program like `img2pdf <https://gitlab.mister-muffin.de/josch/img2pdf>`_ to convert your images to PDFs, and then pipe the results to run ocrmypdf:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	img2pdf my-images*.jpg | ocrmypdf - myfile.pdf
+
+If given a single image as input, OCRmyPDF will try converting it to a PDF on its own.  If the DPI specified in the image is incorrect, it can be overridden with ``--image-dpi``:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf --image-dpi 300 image.png myfile.pdf
+
+This feature may be removed at some point, because OCRmyPDF does not specialize in converting images to PDFs.
+
+You can also use Tesseract 3.04+ directly to convert single page images or multi-page TIFFs to PDF:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	tesseract my-image.jpg output-prefix pdf 
+
+Image processing
+----------------
+
+OCRmyPDF perform some image processing on each page of a PDF, if desired.  The same processing is applied to each page.  It is suggested that the user review files after image processing as these commands might remove desirable content, especially from poor quality scans.
+
+* ``--rotate-pages`` attempts to determine the correct orientation for each page and rotates the page if necessary.
+
+* ``--remove-background`` attempts to detect and remove a noisy background from grayscale or color images.  Monochrome images are ignored. This should not be used on documents that contain color photos as it may remove them.
+
+* ``--deskew`` will correct pages were scanned at a skewed angle by rotating them back into place.  Skew determination and correction is performed using `Postl's variance of line sums <http://www.leptonica.com/skew-measurement.html>`_ algorithm as implemented in `Leptonica <http://www.leptonica.com/index.html>`_.
+  
+* ``--clean`` uses `unpaper <https://www.flameeyes.eu/projects/unpaper>`_ to clean up pages before OCR, but does not alter the final output.  This makes it less likely that OCR will try to find text in background noise.
+
+* ``--clean-final`` uses unpaper to clean up pages before OCR and inserts the page into the final output.  You will want to review each page to ensure that unpaper did not remove something important.
+
+.. note::
+
+	In many cases image processing will rasterize PDF pages as images, potentially losing quality.
+
+.. warning::
+
+	``--clean-final`` and ``-remove-background`` may leave undesirable visual artifacts in some images where their algorithms have shortcomings. Files should be visually reviewed after using these options.
+
+
+OCR and correct document skew (crooked scan)
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+Deskew:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf --deskew input.pdf output.pdf
+
+Image processing commands can be combined. The order in which options are given does not matter. OCRmyPDF always applies the steps of the image processing pipeline in the same order (rotate, remove background, deskew, clean).
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf --deskew --clean --rotate-pages input.pdf output.pdf
+
+

docs/errors.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+Common error messages
+=====================
+
+Page already has text
+---------------------
+
+.. code::
+
+	ERROR -    1: page already has text! – aborting (use --force-ocr to force OCR)
+
+You ran ocrmypdf on a file that already contains printable text or a hidden OCR text layer (it can't quite tell the difference). You probably don't want to do this, because the file is already searchable.
+
+As the error message suggests, your options are:
+
+- ``ocrmypdf --force-ocr`` to :ref:`rasterize <raster-vector>` all vector content and run OCR on the images. This is useful if a previous OCR program failed, or if the document contains a text watermark.
+
+- ``ocrmypdf --skip-text`` to skip OCR and other processing on any pages that contain text. Text pages will be copied into the output PDF without modification.
+
+
+Input file 'filename' is not a valid PDF
+----------------------------------------
+
+OCRmyPDF passes files through qpdf, a program that fixes errors in PDFs, before it tries to work on them. In most cases this happens because the PDF is corrupt and
+truncated (incomplete file copying) and not much can be done.
+
+You can try rewriting the file with Ghostscript or pdftk:
+
+- ``gs -o output.pdf -dSAFER -sDEVICE=pdfwrite input.pdf``
+
+- ``pdftk input.pdf cat output output.pdf``
+
+Sometimes Acrobat can repair PDFs with its `Preflight tool <https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/using/correcting-problem-areas-preflight-tool.html>`_.
+

docs/index.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+.. ocrmypdf documentation master file, created by
+   sphinx-quickstart on Sun Sep  4 14:29:43 2016.
+   You can adapt this file completely to your liking, but it should at least
+   contain the root `toctree` directive.
+
+OCRmyPDF documentation
+======================
+
+OCRmyPDF adds an OCR text layer to scanned PDF files, allowing them to
+be searched.
+
+PDFs are the best format for scanned documents.  Unfortunately, PDFs can be difficult to work with. OCRmyPDF makes it easy to apply image processing and OCR to existing PDFs.
+
+Contents:
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 2
+
+   introduction
+   installation
+   languages
+   cookbook
+   advanced
+   batch
+   security
+   errors
+
+
+
+Indices and tables
+==================
+
+* :ref:`genindex`
+* :ref:`modindex`
+* :ref:`search`
+

docs/installation.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+Installation
+============
+
+Installing on Debian and Ubuntu
+-------------------------------
+
+Users of Debian 9 ("stretch") or later or Ubuntu 16.10 or later may simply
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	apt-get install ocrmypdf
+
+.. _Docker:
+
+Installing the Docker image
+---------------------------
+
+For many users, installing the Docker image will be easier than installing all of OCRmyPDF's dependencies. For Windows, it is the only option.
+
+If you have `Docker <https://docs.docker.com/>`_ installed on your system, you can install
+a Docker image of the latest release.
+
+Follow the Docker installation instructions for your platform.  If you can run this command
+successfully, your system is ready to download and execute the image:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   docker run hello-world
+   
+OCRmyPDF will use all available CPU cores.  By default, the VirtualBox machine instance on Windows and macOS has only a single CPU core enabled. Use the VirtualBox Manager to determine the name of your Docker engine host, and then follow these optional steps to enable multiple CPUs:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   # Optional step for Mac OS X users
+   docker-machine stop "yourVM"
+   VBoxManage modifyvm "yourVM" --cpus 2  # or whatever number of core is desired
+   docker-machine start "yourVM"
+   eval $(docker-machine env "yourVM")
+
+Assuming you have a Docker engine running, you can download one of the three available images:
+
++-----------------------------+---------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Image name                  | Download command                            | Notes                                                                           |
++-----------------------------+---------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| ocrmypdf                    | ``docker pull jbarlow83/ocrmypdf``          | Latest ocrmypdf with Tesseract 3.04. Includes English, French, German, Spanish. |
++-----------------------------+---------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| ocrmypdf-polyglot           | ``docker pull jbarlow83/ocrmypdf-polyglot`` | As above, with all available language packs.                                    |
++-----------------------------+---------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| ocrmypdf-tess4              | ``docker pull jbarlow83/ocrmypdf-tess4``    | Latest ocrmypdf with Tesseract 4.00.00alpha and English, French, German,        |
+|                             |                                             | Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese Simplified, Arabic and Russian (the top 8).        |
++-----------------------------+---------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+For example:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   docker pull jbarlow83/ocrmypdf-tess4
+
+Then tag it to give a more convenient name, just ocrmypdf:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   docker tag jbarlow83/ocrmypdf-tess4 ocrmypdf
+
+.. _docker-polyglot:
+
+The alternative "polyglot" image provides `all available language packs <https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/blob/master/doc/tesseract.1.asc#languages>`_.
+
+You can then run ocrmypdf using the command:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   docker run --rm ocrmypdf --help
+  
+To execute the OCRmyPDF on a local file, you must `provide a writable volume to the Docker image <https://docs.docker.com/userguide/dockervolumes/>`_, and both the input and output file must be inside the writable volume.  This example command uses the current working directory as the writable volume:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   docker run --rm -v "$(pwd):/home/docker" <other docker arguments>   ocrmypdf <your arguments to ocrmypdf>
+
+In this worked example, the current working directory contains an input file called ``test.pdf`` and the output will go to ``output.pdf``: 
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   docker run --rm -v "$(pwd):/home/docker"   ocrmypdf --skip-text test.pdf output.pdf
+
+.. note:: The working directory should be a writable local volume or Docker may not have permission to access it.
+
+Note that ``ocrmypdf`` has its own separate ``-v VERBOSITYLEVEL`` argument to control debug verbosity. All Docker arguments should before the ``ocrmypdf`` image name and all arguments to ``ocrmypdf`` should be listed after.
+
+For convenience, a shell alias can hide the docker command:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   alias ocrmypdf='docker run --rm -v "$(pwd):/home/docker" ocrmypdf' 
+   ocrmypdf --version  # runs docker version
+
+Or in the wonderful `fish shell <https://fishshell.com/>`_:
+
+.. code-block:: fish
+
+   alias ocrmypdf 'docker run --rm -v (pwd):/home/docker ocrmypdf'
+   funcsave ocrmypdf
+
+
+Installing on macOS
+-------------------
+
+These instructions probably work on all macOS supported by Homebrew.
+
+If it's not already present, `install Homebrew <http://brew.sh/>`_.
+
+Update Homebrew:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   brew update
+   
+Install or upgrade the required Homebrew packages, if any are missing:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   brew install libpng openjpeg jbig2dec libtiff     # image libraries
+   brew install qpdf
+   brew install ghostscript
+   brew install python3
+   brew install libxml2 libffi leptonica
+   brew install unpaper   # optional
+   
+Python 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6 are supported.
+
+Install the required Tesseract OCR engine with the language packs you plan to use:
+   
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   brew install tesseract                       # Option 1: for English, French, German, Spanish
+
+.. _macos-all-languages:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+   
+   brew install tesseract --with-all-languages  # Option 2: for all language packs 
+   
+Update the homebrew pip and install Pillow:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   pip3 install --upgrade pip
+   pip3 install --upgrade pillow
+
+You can then install OCRmyPDF from PyPI:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   pip3 install ocrmypdf
+
+The command line program should now be available:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   ocrmypdf --help
+
+
+Installing on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
+------------------------------
+
+No package is currently available for Ubuntu 16.04, but you can install the dependencies manually:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   sudo apt-get update
+   sudo apt-get install \
+      unpaper \
+      ghostscript \
+      tesseract-ocr \
+      qpdf \
+      python3-pip \
+      python3-pil \
+      python3-pytest \
+      python3-reportlab \
+      python3-ruffus \
+      python3-cffi
+
+If you wish install OCRmyPDF to the system Python, then install as follows (note this installs new packages
+into your system Python, which could interfere with other programs):
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   sudo pip3 install ocrmypdf
+
+If you wish to install OCRmyPDF to a virtual environment to isolate the system Python, you can
+follow these steps.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   python3 -m venv --system-site-packages venv-ocrmypdf
+   source venv-ocrmypdf/bin/activate
+   pip3 install ocrmypdf
+
+
+Installing on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
+------------------------------
+
+Installing on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (trusty) is more difficult than some other options, because of bugs in Python package installation.
+
+Add new "apt" repositories needed for backports of Ghostscript 9.16 and libav-11, which supports unpaper 6.1. This will replace Ghostscript on your system.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vshn/ghostscript -y 
+   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:heyarje/libav-11 -y
+
+Update apt-get:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   sudo apt-get update
+   
+Install system dependencies:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   sudo apt-get install \
+      zlib1g-dev \
+      libjpeg-dev \
+      libffi-dev \
+      libavformat56 libavcodec56 libavutil54 \
+      ghostscript \
+      tesseract-ocr \
+      qpdf \
+      python3-pip \
+      python3-pil \
+      python3-pytest \
+      python3-reportlab
+
+If you wish install OCRmyPDF to the system Python, then install as follows (note this installs new packages
+into your system Python, which could interfere with other programs):
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   sudo pip3 install ocrmypdf
+   
+If you wish to install OCRmyPDF to a virtual environment to isolate the system Python, you can
+follow these steps.  This includes a workaround `for a known, unresolved issue in Ubuntu 14.04's ensurepip
+package <http://www.thefourtheye.in/2014/12/Python-venv-problem-with-ensurepip-in-Ubuntu.html>`_:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   sudo apt-get install python3-venv
+   python3 -m venv venv-ocrmypdf --without-pip
+   source venv-ocrmypdf/bin/activate
+   wget -O - -o /dev/null https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python
+   deactivate
+   python3 -m venv --system-site-packages venv-ocrmypdf
+   source venv-ocrmypdf/bin/activate
+   pip install ocrmypdf
+
+These installation instructions omit the optional dependency ``unpaper``, which is only available at version 0.4.2 in Ubuntu 14.04. The author could not find a backport of ``unpaper``, and created a .deb package to do the job of installing unpaper 6.1 (for x86 64-bit only):
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   wget -q https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/28971240/unpaper_6.1-1.deb -O unpaper_6.1-1.deb
+   sudo dpkg -i unpaper_6.1-1.deb
+
+
+Installing on Windows
+---------------------
+
+Direct installation on Windows is not possible.  Install the _`Docker` container as described above.  Ensure that your command prompt can run the docker "hello world" container.
+
+Running on Windows
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The command line syntax to run ocrmypdf from a command prompt will resemble:
+
+.. code-block:: bat
+
+   docker run -v /c/Users/sampleuser:/home/docker ocrmypdf --skip-text test.pdf output.pdf
+
+where /c/Users/sampleuser is a Unix representation of the Windows path C:\\Users\\sampleuser, assuming a user named "sampleuser" is running ocrmypdf on a file in their home directory, and the files "test.pdf" and "output.pdf" are in the sampleuser folder. The Windows user must have read and write permissions.
+      
+Installing HEAD revision from sources
+-------------------------------------
+
+If you have ``git`` and Python 3.4 or newer installed, you can install from source. When the ``pip`` installer runs,
+it will alert you if dependencies are missing.
+
+To install the HEAD revision from sources in the current Python 3 environment:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   pip3 install git+https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF.git
+
+Or, to install in `development mode <https://pythonhosted.org/setuptools/setuptools.html#development-mode>`_,  allowing customization of OCRmyPDF, use the ``-e`` flag:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   pip3 install -e git+https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF.git
+   
+On certain Linux distributions such as Ubuntu, you may need to use 
+run the install command as superuser:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   sudo pip3 install [-e] git+https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF.git
+   
+Note that this will alter your system's Python distribution. If you prefer 
+to not install as superuser, you can install the package in a Python virtual environment:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   git clone -b master https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF.git
+   python3 -m venv
+   source venv/bin/activate
+   cd OCRmyPDF
+   pip3 install .
+
+However, ``ocrmypdf`` will only be accessible on the system PATH after
+you activate the virtual environment.
+
+To run the program:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+   
+   ocrmypdf --help
+
+If not yet installed, the script will notify you about dependencies that
+need to be installed. The script requires specific versions of the
+dependencies. Older version than the ones mentioned in the release notes
+are likely not to be compatible to OCRmyPDF.

docs/introduction.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+Introduction
+============
+
+OCRmyPDF is a Python 3 package that adds OCR layers to PDFs.
+
+
+About OCR
+---------
+
+`Optical character recognition <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_character_recognition>`_ is technology that converts images of typed or handwritten text, such as in a scanned document, to computer text that can be searched and copied.
+
+OCRmyPDF uses `Tesseract <https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract>`_, the best available open source OCR engine, to perform OCR.
+
+.. _raster-vector:
+
+About PDFs
+----------
+
+PDFs are page description files that attempts to preserve a layout exactly. They can contain `vector graphic files <http://vector-conversions.com/vectorizing/raster_vs_vector.html>`_ that can contain raster objects such as scanned images. Because PDFs can contain multiple pages (unlike many image formats) and can contain fonts and text, it is a good formats for exchanging scanned documents.
+
+.. image:: bitmap_vs_svg.svg
+
+A PDF page might contain multiple images, even if it only appears to have one image.  Some scanners or scanning software will segment pages into monochromatic text and color regions for example, to improve the compression ratio and appearance of the page.
+
+Rasterizing a PDF is the process of generating an image suitable for display or analyzing with an OCR engine.  OCR engines like Tesseract work with images, not vector objects.
+
+
+About PDF/A
+-----------
+
+`PDF/A <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A>`_ is an ISO-standardized subset of the full PDF specification that is designed for archiving (the 'A' stands for Archive).  PDF/A differs from PDF primarily by omitting features that would make it difficult to read the file in the future, such as embedded Javascript, video, audio and references to external fonts.  All fonts and resources needed to interpret the PDF must be contained within it. Because PDF/A disables Javascript and other types of embedded content, it is probably more secure.
+
+There are various conformance levels and versions, such as "PDF/A-2b".
+
+Generally speaking, the best format for scanned documents is PDF/A. Some governments and jurisdictions, US Courts in particular, `mandate the use of PDF/A <https://pdfblog.com/2012/02/13/what-is-pdfa/>`_ for scanned documents.
+
+Since most people who scan documents are interested in reading them indefinitely into the future, OCRmyPDF generates PDF/A-2b by default.
+
+PDF/A has a few drawbacks.  Some PDF viewers include an alert that the file is a PDF/A, which may confuse some users.  It also tends to produce larger files than PDF, because it embeds certain resources even if they are commonly available. PDF/A files can be digitally signed, but may not be encrypted, to ensure they can be read in the future.  Fortunately, converting from PDF/A to a regular PDF is trivial, and any PDF viewer can view PDF/A.
+
+
+What OCRmyPDF does
+------------------
+
+OCRmyPDF analyzes each page of a PDF to determine the colorspace and resolution (DPI) needed to capture all of the information on that page without losing content.  It uses `Ghostscript <http://ghostscript.com/>`_ to rasterize the page, and then performs on OCR on the rasterized image.  It is not enough to simply extract the images from each page and run OCR on them individually.  Of course one could use Ghostscript or another PDF rasterizer and then pass the image to Tesseract.  OCRmyPDF automates this process and produces a minimally changed output file that contains the same information, colorspace and resolution.
+
+The Tesseract OCR engine can output 'hOCR' files, which are XML files that contain a description of the text it found on the page.  OCRmyPDF will render a new PDF that contains only the hidden text layer, and merge this with the original page.
+
+Alternately, OCRmyPDF can use the Tesseract OCR engine to directly output PDFs for each page, then merge them.
+
+By default, OCRmyPDF will convert the file to a PDF/A.  This behavior can be disabled with the ``--output-type pdf`` argument.
+
+Depending on the settings selected, OCRmyPDF may "graft" the OCR layer into the existing PDF, or reconstruct a visually equivalent new PDF.
+
+
+Limitations
+-----------
+
+OCRmyPDF is limited by the Tesseract OCR engine.  As such it experiences these limitations, as do any other programs that rely on Tesseract:
+
+* The OCR is not as accurate as commercial solutions such as Abbyy.
+* It is not capable of recognizing handwriting.
+* It may find gibberish and report this as OCR output.
+* If a document contains languages outside of those given in the ``-l LANG`` arguments, results may be poor.
+* It is not always good at analyzing the natural reading order of documents. For example, it may fail to recognize that a document contains two columns and join text across the columns.
+* Poor quality scans may produce poor quality OCR. Garbage in, garbage out.
+  
+OCRmyPDF is also limited by the PDF specification:
+
+* PDF encodes the position of text glyphs but does not encode document structure.  There is no markup that divides a document in sections, paragraphs, sentences, or even words (since blank spaces are not represented). As such all elements of document structure including the spaces between words must be derived heuristically.  Some PDF viewers do a better job of this than others.
+
+Ghostscript also imposes some limitations:
+
+* PDFs containing JBIG2-encoded content will be converted to CCITT Group4 encoding, which has lower compression ratios, if Ghostscript PDF/A is enabled.
+  
+OCRmyPDF is currently not designed to be used as a Python API; it is designed to be run as a command line tool. ``import ocrmypf`` currently attempts to process the command line on ``sys.argv`` at import time so it has side effects that will interfere with its use as a package. The API it presents should not be considered stable.

docs/languages.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+.. _lang-packs:
+
+Installing additional language packs
+====================================
+
+OCRmyPDF uses Tesseract for OCR, and relies on its language packs for languages other than English. 
+
+Tesseract supports `most languages <https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/blob/master/doc/tesseract.1.asc#languages>`_.
+
+For Linux users, you can often find packages that provide language packs:
+
+Debian and Ubuntu users
+-----------------------
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   # Display a list of all Tesseract language packs
+   apt-cache search tesseract-ocr
+
+   # Debian/Ubuntu users
+   apt-get install tesseract-ocr-chi-sim  # Example: Install Chinese Simplified language back
+   
+You can then pass the ``-l LANG`` argument to OCRmyPDF to give a hint as to what languages it should search for. Multiple
+languages can be requested using either ``-l eng+fre`` (English and French) or ``-l eng -l fre``.
+
+macOS users
+-----------
+
+You can install additional language packs by :ref:`installing Tesseract using Homebrew with all language packs <macos-all-languages>`.
+
+Docker users
+------------
+
+Users of the Docker image may use the alternative :ref:`"polyglot" container <docker-polyglot>` which includes all languages.
+
+Known limitations
+-----------------
+
+As of v4.2, users of ocrmypdf working languages outside the Latin alphabet should use the following syntax:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ocrmypdf -l eng+gre --output-type pdf --pdf-renderer tesseract
+
+The reasons for this are:
+
+* The latest version of Ghostscript (9.19 as of this writing) has unfixed bugs in Unicode handling that generate invalid character maps, so Ghostscript cannot be used for PDF/A conversion
+* The default "hocr" PDF renderer does not handle Asian fonts properly

docs/security.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+PDF Security Issues
+===================
+
+	OCRmyPDF should only be used on PDFs you trust. It is not designed to protect you against malware. 
+
+Recognizing that many users have an interest in handling PDFs and applying OCR to PDFs they did not generate themselves, this article discusses the security implications of PDFs and how users can protect themselves.
+
+The disclaimer applies: this software has no warranties of any kind.
+
+PDFs may contain malware
+------------------------
+
+PDF is a rich, complex file format. The official PDF 1.7 specification, ISO 32000:2008, is hundreds of packages long and references several annexes each of which are similar in length. PDFs can contain video, audio, JavaScript and other programming, and forms. In some cases, they can open internet connections to pre-selected URLs. All of these possible attack vectors.
+
+In short, PDFs `may contain viruses <https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/64052/can-a-pdf-file-contain-a-virus>`_.
+
+This `article <https://theinvisiblethings.blogspot.ca/2013/02/converting-untrusted-pdfs-into-trusted.html>`_ describes a high-paranoia method which allows potentially hostile PDFs to be viewed and rasterized safely in a disposable virtual machine. A trusted PDF created in this manner is converted to images and loses all information making it searchable and losing all compression. OCRmyPDF could be used restore searchability.
+
+How OCRmyPDF processes PDFs
+---------------------------
+
+OCRmyPDF must open and interpret your PDF in order to insert an OCR layer. First, it runs all PDFs through `qpdf <https://github.com/qpdf/qpdf>`_, a program that repairs PDFs with syntax errors. This is done because, in the author's experience, a significant number of PDFs in the wild especially those created by scanners are not well-formed files. qpdf makes it more likely that OCRmyPDF will succeed, but offers no security guarantees. qpdf is also used to split the PDF into single page PDFs.
+
+After qpdf, OCRmyPDF examines each page using `PyPDF2 <https://github.com/mstamy2/PyPDF2>`_. This library also has no warranties or guarantees.
+
+Finally, OCRmyPDF rasterizes each page of the PDF using `Ghostscript <http://ghostscript.com/>`_ in ``-dSAFER`` mode. 
+
+Depending on the options specified, OCRmyPDF may graft the OCR layer into the existing PDF or it may essentially reconstruct ("re-fry") a visually identical PDF that may be quite different at the binary level. That said, OCRmyPDF is not a tool designed for sanitizing PDFs.
+
+Using OCRmyPDF online
+---------------------
+
+OCRmyPDF is not designed to be deployed "as a service", in a setting where a user/attacker could upload a file for OCR processing online. It is not designed to be secure in this case.
+
+Abbyy Cloud OCR is a viable commercial alternative with a web services API. The author also provides professional services that include OCR and building databases around PDFs, and is happy to provide consultation.
+
+Password protection, digital signatures and certification
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+OCRmyPDF cannot remove password protection from a PDF. ``qpdf``, one of its dependencies, has this capability. After OCR is applied, password protection is not permitted on PDF/A documents but the file can be converted to regular PDF.
+
+Many programs exist which are capable of inserting an image of someone's signature. On its own, this offers no security guarantees. It is trivial to remove the signature image and apply it to other files. This practice offers no real security.
+
+Important documents can be digitally signed and certified to attest to their authorship. OCRmyPDF cannot do this. Open source tools such as pdfbox (Java) have this capability as does Adobe Acrobat. 

ocrmypdf/__init__.py

@@ -1,30 +1,15 @@
-from enum import IntEnum
-import os
-from collections.abc import Iterable
+import pkg_resources
+
+PROGRAM_NAME = 'ocrmypdf'
+
+VERSION = pkg_resources.get_distribution('ocrmypdf').version
 
 
-class ExitCode(IntEnum):
-    ok = 0
-    bad_args = 1
-    input_file = 2
-    missing_dependency = 3
-    invalid_output_pdf = 4
-    file_access_error = 5
-    already_done_ocr = 6
-    child_process_error = 7
-    encrypted_pdf = 8
-    other_error = 15
-    ctrl_c = 130
+# These imports are for v4.x backward compatibility for consumers of ocrmypdf
+# (if any). They are deprecated and will be removed in v5.x.
+from .exec import ghostscript, qpdf, tesseract, unpaper, get_program
+from .exceptions import ExitCode
+from .helpers import page_number, is_iterable_notstr
 
 
-def get_program(name):
-    envvar = 'OCRMYPDF_' + name.upper()
-    return os.environ.get(envvar, name)
 
-
-def page_number(input_file):
-    return int(os.path.basename(input_file)[0:6])
-
-
-def is_iterable_notstr(thing):
-    return isinstance(thing, Iterable) and not isinstance(thing, str)

ocrmypdf/exceptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# © 2016 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
+
+
+from enum import IntEnum
+
+class ExitCode(IntEnum):
+    ok = 0
+    bad_args = 1
+    input_file = 2
+    missing_dependency = 3
+    invalid_output_pdf = 4
+    file_access_error = 5
+    already_done_ocr = 6
+    child_process_error = 7
+    encrypted_pdf = 8
+    invalid_config = 9
+    other_error = 15
+    ctrl_c = 130
+
+
+class ExitCodeException(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class PdfMergeFailedError(ExitCodeException):
+    exit_code = ExitCode.input_file
+
+
+class MissingDependencyError(ExitCodeException):
+    exit_code = ExitCode.missing_dependency
+
+
+class UnsupportedImageFormatError(ExitCodeException):
+    exit_code = ExitCode.input_file
+
+
+class DpiError(ExitCodeException):
+    exit_code = ExitCode.input_file
+
+
+class PriorOcrFoundError(ExitCodeException):
+    exit_code = ExitCode.already_done_ocr
+
+
+class InputFileError(ExitCodeException):
+    exit_code = ExitCode.input_file
+
+
+class SubprocessOutputError(ExitCodeException):
+    exit_code = ExitCode.other_error
+
+
+class EncryptedPdfError(ExitCodeException):
+    exit_code = ExitCode.encrypted_pdf
+
+
+class TesseractConfigError(ExitCodeException):
+    exit_code = ExitCode.invalid_config

ocrmypdf/exec/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# © 2016 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
+
+"""Wrappers to manage subprocess calls"""
+
+import os
+
+
+def get_program(name):
+    envvar = 'OCRMYPDF_' + name.upper()
+    return os.environ.get(envvar, name)

ocrmypdf/exec/ghostscript.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# © 2015 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
+
+from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
+from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, STDOUT, check_call
+from shutil import copy
+from . import get_program
+from ..pdfa import SRGB_ICC_PROFILE
+
+
+def rasterize_pdf(input_file, output_file, xres, yres, raster_device, log,
+                  pageno=1):
+    with NamedTemporaryFile(delete=True) as tmp:
+        args_gs = [
+            get_program('gs'),
+            '-dQUIET',
+            '-dSAFER',
+            '-dBATCH',
+            '-dNOPAUSE',
+            '-sDEVICE=%s' % raster_device,
+            '-dFirstPage=%i' % pageno,
+            '-dLastPage=%i' % pageno,
+            '-o', tmp.name,
+            '-r{0}x{1}'.format(str(round(xres)), str(round(yres))),
+            input_file
+        ]
+
+        p = Popen(args_gs, close_fds=True, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT,
+                  universal_newlines=True)
+        stdout, _ = p.communicate()
+        if 'error' in stdout:
+            log.error(stdout)  # Ghostscript puts errors in stdout
+        else:
+            log.debug(stdout)
+
+        if p.returncode == 0:
+            copy(tmp.name, output_file)
+        else:
+            log.error('Ghostscript rendering failed')
+
+
+def generate_pdfa(pdf_pages, output_file, log, threads=1):
+    with NamedTemporaryFile(delete=True) as gs_pdf:
+        args_gs = [
+            get_program("gs"),
+            "-dQUIET",
+            "-dBATCH",
+            "-dNOPAUSE",
+            '-dNumRenderingThreads=' + str(threads),
+            "-sDEVICE=pdfwrite",
+            "-dAutoRotatePages=/None",
+            "-sColorConversionStrategy=/RGB",
+            "-sProcessColorModel=DeviceRGB",
+            "-dJPEGQ=95",
+            "-dPDFA=2",
+            "-dPDFACompatibilityPolicy=1",
+            "-sOutputFile=" + gs_pdf.name,
+        ]
+        args_gs.extend(pdf_pages)
+        p = Popen(args_gs, close_fds=True, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT,
+                  universal_newlines=True)
+        stdout, _ = p.communicate()
+
+        if 'error' in stdout:
+            log.error(stdout)
+        elif 'overprint mode not set' in stdout:
+            # Unless someone is going to print PDF/A documents on a
+            # magical sRGB printer I can't see the removal of overprinting
+            # being a problem....
+            log.debug(
+                "Ghostscript had to remove PDF 'overprinting' from the "
+                "input file to complete PDF/A conversion. "
+                )
+        else:
+            log.debug(stdout)
+
+        if p.returncode == 0:
+            # Ghostscript does not change return code when it fails to create
+            # PDF/A - check PDF/A status elsewhere
+            copy(gs_pdf.name, output_file)
+        else:
+            log.error('Ghostscript PDF/A failed')

ocrmypdf/exec/qpdf.py

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ import sys
 import os
 import re
 
-from . import ExitCode, get_program
+from ..exceptions import InputFileError, SubprocessOutputError, \
+    MissingDependencyError, EncryptedPdfError
+from . import get_program
 
 
 @lru_cache(maxsize=1)
@@ -20,21 +22,25 @@ def version():
         versions = check_output(
             args_qpdf, close_fds=True, universal_newlines=True,
             stderr=STDOUT)
-    except CalledProcessError:
-        print("Could not find qpdf executable on system PATH.")
-        sys.exit(ExitCode.missing_dependency)
+    except CalledProcessError as e:
+        print("Could not find qpdf executable on system PATH.",
+              file=sys.stderr)
+        raise MissingDependencyError() from e
 
     qpdf_version = re.match(r'qpdf version (.+)', versions).group(1)
     return qpdf_version
 
 
-def check(input_file, log):
+def check(input_file, log=None):
     args_qpdf = [
         get_program('qpdf'),
         '--check',
         input_file
     ]
 
+    if log is None:
+        import logging as log
+
     try:
         check_output(args_qpdf, stderr=STDOUT, universal_newlines=True)
     except CalledProcessError as e:
@@ -52,6 +58,14 @@ def check(input_file, log):
     return True
 
 
+def _probably_encrypted(e):
+    """qpdf can report a false positive "file is encrypted" message for damaged
+    files - suppress this"""
+    return e.returncode == 2 and \
+        'invalid password' in e.output and \
+        'file is damaged' not in e.output
+
+
 def repair(input_file, output_file, log):
     args_qpdf = [
         get_program('qpdf'), input_file, output_file
@@ -64,20 +78,20 @@ def repair(input_file, output_file, log):
             log.debug(e.output)
             return
 
-        if e.returncode == 2 and e.output.find("invalid password"):
+        if _probably_encrypted(e):
             log.error("{0}: this PDF is password-protected - password must "
                       "be removed for OCR".format(input_file))
-            sys.exit(ExitCode.input_file)
+            raise EncryptedPdfError() from e
         elif e.returncode == 2:
             log.error("{0}: not a valid PDF, and could not repair it.".format(
                       input_file))
             log.error("Details: " + e.output)
-            sys.exit(ExitCode.input_file)
+            raise InputFileError() from e
         else:
             log.error("{0}: unknown error".format(
                       input_file))
             log.error(e.output)
-            sys.exit(ExitCode.unknown)
+            raise SubprocessOutputError() from e
 
 
 def get_npages(input_file, log):
@@ -88,7 +102,7 @@ def get_npages(input_file, log):
     except CalledProcessError as e:
         if e.returncode == 2 and e.output.find('No such file'):
             log.error(e.output)
-            sys.exit(ExitCode.input_file)
+            raise InputFileError() from e
     return int(pages)
 
 

ocrmypdf/exec/tesseract.py

@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@ import os
 import re
 import shutil
 from functools import lru_cache
-from . import ExitCode, get_program, page_number
+from ..exceptions import MissingDependencyError, TesseractConfigError
+from ..helpers import page_number
+from . import get_program
 from collections import namedtuple
+from textwrap import dedent
 
 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, CalledProcessError, \
     TimeoutExpired, check_output, STDOUT, DEVNULL
@@ -50,14 +53,47 @@ def version():
         versions = check_output(
                 args_tess, close_fds=True, universal_newlines=True,
                 stderr=STDOUT)
-    except CalledProcessError:
-        print("Could not find Tesseract executable on system PATH.")
-        sys.exit(ExitCode.missing_dependency)
+    except CalledProcessError as e:
+        print("Could not find Tesseract executable on system PATH.",
+              file=sys.stderr)
+        raise MissingDependencyError from e
 
     tesseract_version = re.match(r'tesseract\s(.+)', versions).group(1)
     return tesseract_version
 
 
+def v4():
+    "Is this Tesseract v4.0?"
+    return (version() >= '4')
+
+
+def has_textonly_pdf():
+    if version() == '4.00.00alpha':
+        # textonly_pdf added during the 4.00.00alpha cycle, so we must test
+        # more carefully to see if it is present
+        args_tess = [
+            get_program('tesseract'),
+            '--print-parameters'
+        ]
+        try:
+            params = check_output(
+                    args_tess, close_fds=True, universal_newlines=True,
+                    stderr=STDOUT)
+        except CalledProcessError as e:
+            print("Could not --print-parameters from tesseract",
+                  file=sys.stderr)
+            raise MissingDependencyError from e
+        if 'textonly_pdf' in params:
+            return True
+    else:
+        return v4()
+
+
+def psm():
+    "If Tesseract 4.0, use argument --psm instead of -psm"
+    return '--psm' if v4() else '-psm'
+
+
 @lru_cache(maxsize=1)
 def languages():
     args_tess = [
@@ -69,19 +105,31 @@ def languages():
                 args_tess, close_fds=True, universal_newlines=True,
                 stderr=STDOUT)
     except CalledProcessError as e:
-        print("Tesseract failed to report available languages.")
-        print("Output from Tesseract:")
-        print("-" * 40)
-        print(e.output)
-        sys.exit(ExitCode.missing_dependency)
+        msg = dedent("""Tesseract failed to report available languages.
+        Output from Tesseract:
+        -----------
+        """)
+        msg += e.output
+        print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
+        raise MissingDependencyError from e
     return set(lang.strip() for lang in langs.splitlines()[1:])
 
 
-def get_orientation(input_file, language: list, timeout: float, log):
-    args_tesseract = [
+def tess_base_args(languages, engine_mode):
+    args = [
         get_program('tesseract'),
-        '-l', '+'.join(language),
-        '-psm', '0',
+    ]
+    if languages:
+        args.extend(['-l', '+'.join(languages)])
+    if engine_mode is not None and v4():
+        args.extend(['--oem', str(engine_mode)])
+    return args
+
+
+def get_orientation(input_file, language: list, engine_mode, timeout: float,
+                    log):
+    args_tesseract = tess_base_args(language, engine_mode) + [
+        psm(), '0',
         input_file,
         'stdout'
     ]
@@ -138,6 +186,8 @@ def tesseract_log_output(log, stdout, input_file):
             log.warning(prefix + "unsure about page orientation")
         elif 'error' in line.lower() or 'exception' in line.lower():
             log.error(prefix + line.strip())
+        elif 'read_params_file' in line.lower():
+            log.error(prefix + line.strip())
         else:
             log.info(prefix + line.strip())
 
@@ -147,25 +197,28 @@ def page_timedout(log, input_file):
     log.warning(prefix + " took too long to OCR - skipping")
 
 
-def _generate_null_hocr(output_hocr, pageinfo):
+def _generate_null_hocr(output_hocr, image):
+    """Produce a .hocr file that reports no text detected on a page that is
+    the same size as the input image."""
+    from PIL import Image
+
+    im = Image.open(image)
+    w, h = im.size
+
     with open(output_hocr, 'w', encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        f.write(HOCR_TEMPLATE.format(
-            pageinfo['width_pixels'],
-            pageinfo['height_pixels']))
+        f.write(HOCR_TEMPLATE.format(w, h))
 
 
-def generate_hocr(input_file, output_hocr, language: list, tessconfig: list,
-                  timeout: float, pageinfo_getter, pagesegmode: int, log):
+def generate_hocr(input_file, output_hocr, language: list, engine_mode,
+                  tessconfig: list,
+                  timeout: float, pagesegmode: int, log):
 
     badxml = os.path.splitext(output_hocr)[0] + '.badxml'
 
-    args_tesseract = [
-        get_program('tesseract'),
-        '-l', '+'.join(language)
-    ]
+    args_tesseract = tess_base_args(language, engine_mode)
 
     if pagesegmode is not None:
-        args_tesseract.extend(['-psm', str(pagesegmode)])
+        args_tesseract.extend([psm(), str(pagesegmode)])
 
     args_tesseract.extend([
         input_file,
@@ -173,6 +226,7 @@ def generate_hocr(input_file, output_hocr, language: list, tessconfig: list,
         'hocr'
     ] + tessconfig)
     try:
+        log.debug(args_tesseract)
         stdout = check_output(
             args_tesseract, close_fds=True, stderr=STDOUT,
             universal_newlines=True, timeout=timeout)
@@ -181,16 +235,19 @@ def generate_hocr(input_file, output_hocr, language: list, tessconfig: list,
         # Temporary workaround to hocrTransform not being able to function if
         # it does not have a valid hOCR file.
         page_timedout(log, input_file)
-        _generate_null_hocr(output_hocr, pageinfo_getter())
+        _generate_null_hocr(output_hocr, input_file)
     except CalledProcessError as e:
         tesseract_log_output(log, e.output, input_file)
+        if 'read_params_file: parameter not found' in e.output:
+            raise TesseractConfigError() from e
         if 'Image too large' in e.output:
-            _generate_null_hocr(output_hocr, pageinfo_getter())
+            _generate_null_hocr(output_hocr, input_file)
             return
 
         raise e from e
     else:
         tesseract_log_output(log, stdout, input_file)
+
         if os.path.exists(badxml + '.html'):
             # Tesseract 3.02 appends suffix ".html" on its own (.badxml.html)
             shutil.move(badxml + '.html', badxml)
@@ -214,24 +271,28 @@ def generate_hocr(input_file, output_hocr, language: list, tessconfig: list,
 
 
 def generate_pdf(input_image, skip_pdf, output_pdf, language: list,
+                 engine_mode, text_only: bool,
                  tessconfig: list, timeout: float, pagesegmode: int, log):
     '''Use Tesseract to render a PDF.
 
     input_image -- image to analyze
     skip_pdf -- if we time out, use this file as output
+    output_pdf -- file to generate
     language -- list of languages to consider
+    engine_mode -- engine mode argument for tess v4
+    text_only -- enable tesseract text only mode?
     tessconfig -- tesseract configuration
     timeout -- timeout (seconds)
     log -- logger object
     '''
 
-    args_tesseract = [
-        get_program('tesseract'),
-        '-l', '+'.join(language)
-    ]
+    args_tesseract = tess_base_args(language, engine_mode)
 
     if pagesegmode is not None:
-        args_tesseract.extend(['-psm', str(pagesegmode)])
+        args_tesseract.extend([psm(), str(pagesegmode)])
+
+    if text_only:
+        args_tesseract.extend(['-c', 'textonly_pdf=1'])
 
     args_tesseract.extend([
         input_image,
@@ -240,6 +301,7 @@ def generate_pdf(input_image, skip_pdf, output_pdf, language: list,
     ] + tessconfig)
 
     try:
+        log.debug(args_tesseract)
         stdout = check_output(
             args_tesseract, close_fds=True, stderr=STDOUT,
             universal_newlines=True, timeout=timeout)
@@ -248,6 +310,9 @@ def generate_pdf(input_image, skip_pdf, output_pdf, language: list,
         shutil.copy(skip_pdf, output_pdf)
     except CalledProcessError as e:
         tesseract_log_output(log, e.output, input_image)
+        if 'read_params_file: parameter not found' in e.output:
+            raise TesseractConfigError() from e
+
         if 'Image too large' in e.output:
             shutil.copy(skip_pdf, output_pdf)
             return

ocrmypdf/exec/unpaper.py

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
 import sys
 import os
 from functools import lru_cache
-from . import ExitCode, get_program
+from ..exceptions import MissingDependencyError
+from . import get_program
 
 
 @lru_cache(maxsize=1)
@@ -47,17 +48,17 @@ def run(input_file, output_file, dpi, log, mode_args):
                 im = im.convert(mode='1')
             else:
                 im = im.convert(mode='RGB')
-        except IOError:
+        except IOError as e:
             log.error(
                     "Could not convert image with type " + im.mode)
-            sys.exit(ExitCode.missing_dependency)
+            raise MissingDependencyError() from e
 
     try:
         suffix = SUFFIXES[im.mode]
     except KeyError:
         log.error(
                 "Failed to convert image to a supported format.")
-        sys.exit(ExitCode.missing_dependency)
+        raise MissingDependencyError() from e
 
     with NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=suffix) as input_pnm, \
             NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=suffix, mode="r+b") as output_pnm:

ocrmypdf/ghostscript.py

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# © 2015 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
-
-from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
-from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, check_call
-from shutil import copy
-from . import get_program
-from .pdfa import SRGB_ICC_PROFILE
-
-
-def rasterize_pdf(input_file, output_file, xres, yres, raster_device, log,
-                  pageno=1):
-    with NamedTemporaryFile(delete=True) as tmp:
-        args_gs = [
-            get_program('gs'),
-            '-dQUIET',
-            '-dSAFER',
-            '-dBATCH',
-            '-dNOPAUSE',
-            '-sDEVICE=%s' % raster_device,
-            '-dFirstPage=%i' % pageno,
-            '-dLastPage=%i' % pageno,
-            '-o', tmp.name,
-            '-r{0}x{1}'.format(str(xres), str(yres)),
-            input_file
-        ]
-
-        p = Popen(args_gs, close_fds=True, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE,
-                  universal_newlines=True)
-        stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
-        if stdout:
-            log.debug(stdout)
-        if stderr:
-            log.error(stderr)
-
-        if p.returncode == 0:
-            copy(tmp.name, output_file)
-        else:
-            log.error('Ghostscript rendering failed')
-
-
-def generate_pdfa(pdf_pages, output_file, threads=1):
-    with NamedTemporaryFile(delete=True) as gs_pdf:
-        args_gs = [
-            get_program("gs"),
-            "-dQUIET",
-            "-dBATCH",
-            "-dNOPAUSE",
-            '-dNumRenderingThreads=' + str(threads),
-            "-sDEVICE=pdfwrite",
-            "-dAutoRotatePages=/None",
-            "-sColorConversionStrategy=/RGB",
-            "-sProcessColorModel=DeviceRGB",
-            "-dJPEGQ=95",
-            "-dPDFA=2",
-            "-sPDFACompatibilityPolicy=2",
-            "-sOutputFile=" + gs_pdf.name,
-        ]
-        args_gs.extend(pdf_pages)
-        check_call(args_gs)
-        copy(gs_pdf.name, output_file)

ocrmypdf/helpers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# © 2016 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
+
+from functools import partial
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from contextlib import suppress
+import sys
+import os
+
+
+def re_symlink(input_file, soft_link_name, log=None):
+    """
+    Helper function: relinks soft symbolic link if necessary
+    """
+
+    if log is None:
+        prdebug = partial(print, file=sys.stderr)
+    else:
+        prdebug = log.debug
+
+    # Guard against soft linking to oneself
+    if input_file == soft_link_name:
+        prdebug("Warning: No symbolic link made. You are using " +
+                "the original data directory as the working directory.")
+        return
+
+    # Soft link already exists: delete for relink?
+    if os.path.lexists(soft_link_name):
+        # do not delete or overwrite real (non-soft link) file
+        if not os.path.islink(soft_link_name):
+            raise FileExistsError(
+                "%s exists and is not a link" % soft_link_name)
+        try:
+            os.unlink(soft_link_name)
+        except:
+            prdebug("Can't unlink %s" % (soft_link_name))
+
+    if not os.path.exists(input_file):
+        raise FileNotFoundError(
+            "trying to create a broken symlink to %s" % input_file)
+
+    prdebug("os.symlink(%s, %s)" % (input_file, soft_link_name))
+
+    # Create symbolic link using absolute path
+    os.symlink(
+        os.path.abspath(input_file),
+        soft_link_name
+    )
+
+
+def is_iterable_notstr(thing):
+    return isinstance(thing, Iterable) and not isinstance(thing, str)
+
+
+def page_number(input_file):
+    return int(os.path.basename(input_file)[0:6])
+
+
+def is_file_writable(test_file):
+    """Intentionally racy test if target is writable.
+
+    We intend to write to the output file if and only if we succeed and
+    can replace it atomically. Before doing the OCR work, make sure
+    the location is writable.
+    """
+    if os.path.exists(test_file):
+        return os.access(
+            test_file, os.W_OK,
+            effective_ids=(os.access in os.supports_effective_ids))
+    else:
+        try:
+            fp = open(test_file, 'wb')
+        except OSError as e:
+            return False
+        else:
+            fp.close()
+            with suppress(OSError):
+                os.unlink(test_file)
+        return True

ocrmypdf/leptonica.py

@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #
-# © 2013-15: jbarlow83 from Github (https://github.com/jbarlow83)
+# © 2013-16: jbarlow83 from Github (https://github.com/jbarlow83)
 #
-#
-# Use Leptonica to detect find and remove page skew.  Leptonica uses the method
-# of differential square sums, which its author claim is faster and more robust
-# than the Hough transform used by ImageMagick.
+# Python FFI wrapper for Leptonica library
 
-from __future__ import print_function, absolute_import, division
 import argparse
 import sys
 import os
@@ -44,22 +40,34 @@ class LeptonicaErrorTrap(object):
 
     """
     def __enter__(self):
+        from io import UnsupportedOperation
         self.tmpfile = TemporaryFile()
 
         # Save the old stderr, and redirect stderr to temporary file
-        self.old_stderr_fileno = os.dup(sys.stderr.fileno())
-        os.dup2(self.tmpfile.fileno(), sys.stderr.fileno())
+        sys.stderr.flush()
+        try:
+            self.copy_of_stderr = os.dup(sys.stderr.fileno())
+            os.dup2(self.tmpfile.fileno(), sys.stderr.fileno(),
+                    inheritable=False)
+        except UnsupportedOperation:
+            self.copy_of_stderr = None
         return
 
     def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
         # Restore old stderr
-        os.dup2(self.old_stderr_fileno, sys.stderr.fileno())
+        sys.stderr.flush()
+        if self.copy_of_stderr is not None:
+            os.dup2(self.copy_of_stderr, sys.stderr.fileno())
+            os.close(self.copy_of_stderr)
 
         # Get data from tmpfile (in with block to ensure it is closed)
         with self.tmpfile as tmpfile:
             tmpfile.seek(0)  # Cursor will be at end, so move back to beginning
             leptonica_output = tmpfile.read().decode(errors='replace')
 
+        assert self.tmpfile.closed
+        assert not sys.stderr.closed
+
         # If there are Python errors, let them bubble up
         if exc_type:
             logger.warning(leptonica_output)
@@ -104,6 +112,12 @@ class Pix:
 
     Leptonica's reference counting is not threadsafe. This class can be used
     in a threadsafe manner if a Python threading.Lock protects the data.
+
+    This class treats Pix objects as immutable.  All methods return new
+    modified objects.  This allows convenient chaining:
+
+    >>>   Pix.read('filename.jpg').scale((0.5, 0.5)).deskew().show()
+
     """
 
     def __init__(self, pix):
@@ -117,6 +131,22 @@ class Pix:
         else:
             return "<leptonica.Pix image NULL>"
 
+    def _repr_png_(self):
+        """iPython display hook
+
+        returns png version of image
+        """
+
+        data = ffi.new('l_uint8 **')
+        size = ffi.new('size_t *')
+
+        err = lept.pixWriteMemPng(data, size, self._pix, 0)
+        if err != 0:
+            raise LeptonicaIOError("pixWriteMemPng")
+
+        char_data = ffi.cast('char *', data[0])
+        return ffi.buffer(char_data, size[0])[:]
+
     def __getstate__(self):
         data = ffi.new('l_uint32 **')
         size = ffi.new('size_t *')
@@ -142,6 +172,9 @@ class Pix:
             cdata_uint32, len(state['data']))
         Pix.__init__(self, pix)
 
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.__getstate__() == other.__getstate__()
+
     @property
     def width(self):
         return self._pix.w
@@ -201,18 +234,29 @@ class Pix:
         "Returns a PIL.Image version of this Pix"
         from PIL import Image
 
-        with LeptonicaErrorTrap():
-            pix_swapped = Pix(lept.pixEndianByteSwapNew(self._pix))
+        # Leptonica manages data in words, so it implicitly does an endian
+        # swap.  Tell Pillow about this when it reads the data.
+        pix = self
+        if sys.byteorder == 'little':
+            if self.mode == 'RGB':
+                raw_mode = 'XBGR'
+            elif self.mode == 'RGBA':
+                raw_mode = 'ABGR'
+            elif self.mode == '1':
+                raw_mode = '1;I'
+                pix = Pix(lept.pixEndianByteSwapNew(pix._pix))
+            else:
+                raw_mode = self.mode
+                pix = Pix(lept.pixEndianByteSwapNew(pix._pix))
+        else:
+            raw_mode = self.mode  # no endian swap needed
 
-        size = (pix_swapped._pix.wpl * 4, pix_swapped._pix.h)
-        buf = ffi.buffer(pix_swapped._pix.data, size[0] * size[1])
+        size = (pix._pix.w, pix._pix.h)
+        bytecount = pix._pix.wpl * 4 * pix._pix.h
+        buf = ffi.buffer(pix._pix.data, bytecount)
+        stride = pix._pix.wpl * 4
 
-        im_raw = Image.frombytes(self.mode, size, buf, 'raw')
-
-        # Leptonica stores images in 32-bit words
-        # Need to crop the any trailing amount
-        box = (0, 0, self.width, self.height)
-        im = im_raw.crop(box)
+        im = Image.frombytes(self.mode, size, buf, 'raw', raw_mode, stride)
 
         return im
 
@@ -231,10 +275,10 @@ class Pix:
         with LeptonicaErrorTrap():
             return Pix(lept.pixDeskew(self._pix, reduction_factor))
 
-    def scale(self, scalex, scaley):
+    def scale(self, scale_xy):
         "Returns the pix object rescaled according to the proportions given."
         with LeptonicaErrorTrap():
-            return Pix(lept.pixScale(self._pix, scalex, scaley))
+            return Pix(lept.pixScale(self._pix, scale_xy[0], scale_xy[1]))
 
     def rotate180(self):
         with LeptonicaErrorTrap():
@@ -352,6 +396,33 @@ class Pix:
                 black,
                 white))
 
+    def gamma_trc(self, gamma=1.0, minval=0, maxval=255):
+        with LeptonicaErrorTrap():
+            return Pix(lept.pixGammaTRC(
+                ffi.NULL,
+                self._pix,
+                gamma,
+                minval,
+                maxval
+                ))
+
+    def background_norm(
+            self, mask=None, grayscale=None, tile_size=(10, 15), fg_threshold=60,
+            min_count=40, bg_val=200, smooth_kernel=(2, 1)):
+        with LeptonicaErrorTrap():
+            return Pix(lept.pixBackgroundNorm(
+                self._pix,
+                mask or ffi.NULL,
+                grayscale or ffi.NULL,
+                tile_size[0],
+                tile_size[1],
+                fg_threshold,
+                min_count,
+                bg_val,
+                smooth_kernel[0],
+                smooth_kernel[1]
+                ))
+
     @staticmethod
     @lru_cache(maxsize=1)
     def make_pixel_sum_tab8():
@@ -462,6 +533,22 @@ def deskew(infile, outfile, dpi):
         raise LeptonicaIOError("Failed to open destination file: %s" % outfile)
 
 
+def remove_background(infile, outfile, tile_size=(40, 60), gamma=1.0,
+                      black_threshold=70, white_threshold=190):
+    try:
+        pix = Pix.read(infile)
+    except LeptonicaIOError:
+        raise LeptonicaIOError("Failed to open file: %s" % infile)
+
+    pix = pix.background_norm(tile_size=tile_size).gamma_trc(
+            gamma, black_threshold, white_threshold)
+
+    try:
+        pix.write_implied_format(outfile)
+    except LeptonicaIOError:
+        raise LeptonicaIOError("Failed to open destination file: %s" % outfile)
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
         description="Python wrapper to access Leptonica")

ocrmypdf/lib/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Bindings to external libraries"""

ocrmypdf/lib/compile_leptonica.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 from cffi import FFI
 
-ffi = FFI()
-ffi.set_source("ocrmypdf.lib._leptonica", None)
-ffi.cdef("""
+ffibuilder = FFI()
+ffibuilder.set_source("ocrmypdf.lib._leptonica", None)
+ffibuilder.cdef("""
 typedef signed char             l_int8;
 typedef unsigned char           l_uint8;
 typedef short                   l_int16;
@@ -56,11 +56,17 @@ typedef struct Box    BOX;
 
 """)
 
-ffi.cdef("""
+ffibuilder.cdef("""
 PIX * pixRead ( const char *filename );
 PIX * pixScale ( PIX *pixs, l_float32 scalex, l_float32 scaley );
 l_int32 pixFindSkew ( PIX *pixs, l_float32 *pangle, l_float32 *pconf );
 l_int32 pixWriteImpliedFormat ( const char *filename, PIX *pix, l_int32 quality, l_int32 progressive );
+l_int32
+pixWriteMemPng(l_uint8  **pdata,
+               size_t    *psize,
+               PIX       *pix,
+               l_float32  gamma);
+
 void pixDestroy ( PIX **ppix );
 
 PIX *
@@ -131,6 +137,50 @@ pixClipRectangle(PIX   *pixs,
                  BOX   *box,
                  BOX  **pboxc);
 
+PIX *
+pixBackgroundNorm(PIX     *pixs,
+                  PIX     *pixim,
+                  PIX     *pixg,
+                  l_int32  sx,
+                  l_int32  sy,
+                  l_int32  thresh,
+                  l_int32  mincount,
+                  l_int32  bgval,
+                  l_int32  smoothx,
+                  l_int32  smoothy);
+
+PIX *
+pixGammaTRC(PIX       *pixd,
+            PIX       *pixs,
+            l_float32  gamma,
+            l_int32    minval,
+            l_int32    maxval);
+
+
+l_int32
+pixNumSignificantGrayColors(PIX       *pixs,
+                            l_int32    darkthresh,
+                            l_int32    lightthresh,
+                            l_float32  minfract,
+                            l_int32    factor,
+                            l_int32   *pncolors);
+
+l_int32
+pixColorFraction(PIX        *pixs,
+                 l_int32     darkthresh,
+                 l_int32     lightthresh,
+                 l_int32     diffthresh,
+                 l_int32     factor,
+                 l_float32  *ppixfract,
+                 l_float32  *pcolorfract);
+
+PIX *
+pixColorMagnitude(PIX     *pixs,
+                  l_int32  rwhite,
+                  l_int32  gwhite,
+                  l_int32  bwhite,
+                  l_int32  type);
+
 void
 boxDestroy(BOX  **pbox);
 
@@ -139,4 +189,4 @@ void lept_free(void *ptr);
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    ffi.compile()
+    ffibuilder.compile(verbose=True)

ocrmypdf/pageinfo.py

@@ -2,13 +2,21 @@
 # © 2015 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
 
 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
-from decimal import Decimal, getcontext
+from decimal import Decimal
 from math import hypot
 import re
 import sys
 import PyPDF2 as pypdf
 from collections import namedtuple
 
+try:
+    from math import isclose
+except ImportError:
+    def isclose(a, b, rel_tol=1e-9):
+        "Python 3.4 does not have math.isclose()"
+        diff = abs(b - a)
+        return diff <= abs(rel_tol * b) or diff <= abs(rel_tol * a)
+
 matrix_mult = pypdf.pdf.utils.matrixMultiply
 
 FRIENDLY_COLORSPACE = {
@@ -52,6 +60,9 @@ FRIENDLY_COMP = {
 }
 
 
+UNIT_SQUARE = (1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+
+
 def _matrix_from_shorthand(shorthand):
     """Convert from PDF matrix shorthand to full matrix
 
@@ -72,16 +83,38 @@ def _shorthand_from_matrix(matrix):
     e, f = matrix[2][0], matrix[2][1]
     return tuple(map(float, (a, b, c, d, e, f)))
 
-RasterSettings = namedtuple('RasterSettings',
+
+def _is_unit_square(shorthand):
+    values = map(float, shorthand)
+    pairwise = zip(values, UNIT_SQUARE)
+    return all([isclose(a, b, rel_tol=1e-3) for a, b in pairwise])
+
+XobjectSettings = namedtuple('XobjectSettings',
     ['name', 'shorthand', 'stack_depth'])
 
 InlineSettings = namedtuple('InlineSettings',
     ['settings', 'shorthand', 'stack_depth'])
 
-ContentsInfo = namedtuple('ContentsInfo', ['raster_settings', 'inline_images'])
+ContentsInfo = namedtuple('ContentsInfo', ['xobject_settings', 'inline_images'])
 
 
-def _interpret_contents(contentstream):
+def _normalize_stack(operations):
+    """Fix runs of qQ's in the stack
+
+    For some reason PyPDF2 converts runs of qqq, QQ, QQQq, etc. into single
+    operations.  Break this silliness up and issue each stack operation
+    individually so we don't lose count.
+
+    """
+    for operands, command in operations:
+        if re.match(br'Q*q+$', command):   # Zero or more Q, one or more q
+            for char in command:           # Split into individual bytes
+                yield ([], bytes([char]))  # Yield individual bytes
+        else:
+            yield (operands, command)
+
+
+def _interpret_contents(contentstream, initial_shorthand=UNIT_SQUARE):
     """Interpret the PDF content stream
 
     The stack represents the state of the PDF graphics stack.  We are only
@@ -106,27 +139,32 @@ def _interpret_contents(contentstream):
 
     operations = contentstream.operations
     stack = []
-    ctm = _matrix_from_shorthand((1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0))
-    image_raster_settings = []
+    ctm = _matrix_from_shorthand(initial_shorthand)
+    xobject_settings = []
     inline_images = []
 
-    for op in operations:
+    for n, op in enumerate(_normalize_stack(operations)):
         operands, command = op
         if command == b'q':
             stack.append(ctm)
             if len(stack) > 32:
-                raise RuntimeError("PDF graphics stack overflow")
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "PDF graphics stack overflow, command %i" % n)
         elif command == b'Q':
-            ctm = stack.pop()
+            try:
+                ctm = stack.pop()
+            except IndexError:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "PDF graphics stack underflow, command %i" % n)
         elif command == b'cm':
             ctm = matrix_mult(
                 _matrix_from_shorthand(operands), ctm)
         elif command == b'Do':
             image_name = operands[0]
-            raster = RasterSettings(
+            settings = XobjectSettings(
                 name=image_name, shorthand=_shorthand_from_matrix(ctm),
                 stack_depth=len(stack))
-            image_raster_settings.append(raster)
+            xobject_settings.append(settings)
         elif command == b'INLINE IMAGE':
             settings = operands['settings']
             inline = InlineSettings(
@@ -135,7 +173,7 @@ def _interpret_contents(contentstream):
             inline_images.append(inline)
 
     return ContentsInfo(
-        raster_settings=image_raster_settings,
+        xobject_settings=xobject_settings,
         inline_images=inline_images)
 
 
@@ -203,8 +241,8 @@ def _get_dpi(ctm_shorthand, image_size):
     return (dpi_w, dpi_h)
 
 
-def _find_page_inline_images(page, pageinfo, contentsinfo):
-    "Find inline images on the page"
+def _find_inline_images(contentsinfo):
+    "Find inline images in the contentstream"
 
     for n, inline in enumerate(contentsinfo.inline_images):
         image = {}
@@ -215,7 +253,10 @@ def _find_page_inline_images(page, pageinfo, contentsinfo):
             image['bpc'] = inline.settings['/BPC']
         else:
             image['bpc'] = 8
-        image['color'] = FRIENDLY_COLORSPACE.get(inline.settings['/CS'], '-')
+        if '/CS' in inline.settings:
+            image['color'] = FRIENDLY_COLORSPACE.get(inline.settings['/CS'], '-')
+        else:
+            image['color'] = '-'
         image['comp'] = FRIENDLY_COMP.get(image['color'], '?')
         if '/F' in inline.settings:
             filter_ = inline.settings['/F']
@@ -231,20 +272,44 @@ def _find_page_inline_images(page, pageinfo, contentsinfo):
         yield image
 
 
-def _find_page_regular_images(page, pageinfo, contentsinfo):
-    "Find images stored in XObject resources"
+def _image_xobjects(container):
+    """Search for all XObject-based images in the container
 
-    try:
-        page['/Resources']['/XObject']
-    except KeyError:
+    Usually the container is a page, but it could also be a Form XObject
+    that contains images. Filter out the Form XObjects which are dealt with
+    elsewhere.
+
+    Generate a sequence of tuples (image, xobj container), where container,
+    where xobj is the name of the object and image is the object itself,
+    since the object does not know its own name.
+
+    """
+
+    if '/Resources' not in container:
         return
-    for xobj in page['/Resources']['/XObject']:
-        # PyPDF2 returns the keys as an iterator
-        pdfimage = page['/Resources']['/XObject'][xobj]
-        if pdfimage['/Subtype'] != '/Image':
-            continue
+    resources = container['/Resources']
+    if '/XObject' not in resources:
+        return
+    for xobj in resources['/XObject']:
+        candidate = resources['/XObject'][xobj]
+        if candidate['/Subtype'] == '/Image':
+            image = candidate
+            yield (image, xobj)
+
+
+def _find_regular_images(container, contentsinfo):
+    """Find images stored in the container's /Resources /XObject
+
+    Usually the container is a page, but it could also be a Form XObject
+    that contains images.
+
+    Generates images with their DPI at time of drawing.
+
+    """
+
+    for pdfimage, xobj in _image_xobjects(container):
         image = {}
-        image['name'] = str(xobj)
+        image['name'] = xobj
         image['width'] = pdfimage['/Width']
         image['height'] = pdfimage['/Height']
         if '/BitsPerComponent' in pdfimage:
@@ -288,12 +353,12 @@ def _find_page_regular_images(page, pageinfo, contentsinfo):
 
         image['dpi_w'] = image['dpi_h'] = 0
 
-        for raster in contentsinfo.raster_settings:
+        for xobj in contentsinfo.xobject_settings:
             # Loop in case the same image is display multiple times on a page
-            if raster.name != image['name']:
+            if xobj.name != image['name']:
                 continue
 
-            if raster.stack_depth == 0:
+            if xobj.stack_depth == 0 and _is_unit_square(xobj.shorthand):
                 # At least one PDF in the wild (and test suite) draws an image
                 # when the graphics stack depth is 0, meaning that the image
                 # gets drawn into a square of 1x1 PDF units (or 1/72",
@@ -302,22 +367,100 @@ def _find_page_regular_images(page, pageinfo, contentsinfo):
                 continue
 
             dpi_w, dpi_h = _get_dpi(
-                raster.shorthand, (image['width'], image['height']))
+                xobj.shorthand, (image['width'], image['height']))
 
             # When image is used multiple times take the highest DPI it is
             # rendered at
             image['dpi_w'] = max(dpi_w, image.get('dpi_w', 0))
             image['dpi_h'] = max(dpi_h, image.get('dpi_h', 0))
 
-        image['dpi_w'] = Decimal(image['dpi_w'])
-        image['dpi_h'] = Decimal(image['dpi_h'])
-        image['dpi'] = (image['dpi_w'] * image['dpi_h']) ** Decimal(0.5)
+        DPI_PREC = Decimal('1.000')
+        dpi = Decimal(image['dpi_w'] * image['dpi_h']).sqrt()
+        image['dpi_w'] = Decimal(image['dpi_w']).quantize(DPI_PREC)
+        image['dpi_h'] = Decimal(image['dpi_h']).quantize(DPI_PREC)
+        image['dpi'] = dpi.quantize(DPI_PREC)
         yield image
 
 
-def _find_page_images(page, pageinfo, contentsinfo):
-    yield from _find_page_inline_images(page, pageinfo, contentsinfo)
-    yield from _find_page_regular_images(page, pageinfo, contentsinfo)
+def _find_form_xobject_images(pdf, container, contentsinfo):
+    """Find any images that are in Form XObjects in the container
+
+    The container may be a page, or a parent Form XObject.
+
+    """
+    if '/Resources' not in container:
+        return
+    resources = container['/Resources']
+    if '/XObject' not in resources:
+        return
+    for xobj in resources['/XObject']:
+        candidate = resources['/XObject'][xobj]
+        if candidate['/Subtype'] != '/Form':
+            continue
+
+        form_xobject = candidate
+        for settings in contentsinfo.xobject_settings:
+            if settings.name != xobj:
+                continue
+
+            # Find images once for each time this Form XObject is drawn.
+            # This could be optimized to cache the multiple drawing events
+            # but in practice both Form XObjects and multiple drawing of the
+            # same object are both very rare.
+            ctm_shorthand = settings.shorthand
+            yield from _find_images(pdf, form_xobject, ctm_shorthand)
+
+
+def _find_images(pdf, container, shorthand=None):
+    """Find all individual instances of images drawn in the container
+
+    Usually the container is a page, but it may also be a Form XObject.
+
+    On a typical page images are stored inline or as regular images
+    in an XObject.
+
+    Form XObjects may include inline images, XObject images,
+    and recursively, other Form XObjects; and also vector drawing commands.
+
+    Every instance of an image being drawn somewhere is flattened and
+    treated as a unique image, since if the same image is drawn multiple times
+    on one page it may be drawn at differing resolutions, and our objective
+    is to find the resolution at which the page can be rastered without
+    downsampling.
+
+    """
+
+    if container.get('/Type') == '/Page':
+        # For a /Page the content stream is attached to the page's /Contents
+        page = container
+        contentstream = pypdf.pdf.ContentStream(page.getContents(), pdf)
+        initial_shorthand = shorthand or UNIT_SQUARE
+    elif container.get('/Type') == '/XObject' and \
+            container['/Subtype'] == '/Form':
+        # For a Form XObject that content stream is attached to the XObject
+        contentstream = pypdf.pdf.ContentStream(container, pdf)
+
+        # Set the CTM to the state it was when the "Do" operator was
+        # encountered that is drawing this instance of the Form XObject
+        ctm = _matrix_from_shorthand(shorthand or UNIT_SQUARE)
+
+        # A Form XObject may provide its own matrix to map form space into
+        # user space. Get this if one exists
+        form_matrix = _matrix_from_shorthand(
+                container.get('/Matrix', UNIT_SQUARE))
+
+        # Concatenate form matrix with CTM to ensure CTM is correct for
+        # drawing this instance of the XObject
+        ctm = matrix_mult(form_matrix, ctm)
+        initial_shorthand = _shorthand_from_matrix(ctm)
+    else:
+        return
+
+    contentsinfo = _interpret_contents(contentstream, initial_shorthand)
+
+    yield from _find_inline_images(contentsinfo)
+    yield from _find_regular_images(container, contentsinfo)
+    yield from _find_form_xobject_images(pdf, container, contentsinfo)
 
 
 def _page_has_text(pdf, page):
@@ -358,14 +501,12 @@ def _pdf_get_pageinfo(infile, pageno: int):
     pageinfo['height_inches'] = height_pt / Decimal(72.0)
 
     try:
-        contentstream = pypdf.pdf.ContentStream(page.getContents(), pdf)
-    except AttributeError as e:
-        return pageinfo
-
-    contentsinfo = _interpret_contents(contentstream)
-    pageinfo['images'] = [im for im in _find_page_images(
-                                page, pageinfo, contentsinfo)]
+        pageinfo['rotate'] = int(page['/Rotate'])
+    except KeyError:
+        pageinfo['rotate'] = 0
 
+    pageinfo['images'] = [im for im in
+                          _find_images(pdf, page)]
     if pageinfo['images']:
         xres = max(image['dpi_w'] for image in pageinfo['images'])
         yres = max(image['dpi_h'] for image in pageinfo['images'])
@@ -380,7 +521,6 @@ def _pdf_get_pageinfo(infile, pageno: int):
 
 def pdf_get_all_pageinfo(infile):
     pdf = pypdf.PdfFileReader(infile)
-    getcontext().prec = 6
     return [_pdf_get_pageinfo(infile, n) for n in range(pdf.numPages)]
 
 

ocrmypdf/pdfa.py

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #
 # Generate a PDFA_def.ps file for Ghostscript >= 9.14
 
-from __future__ import print_function, absolute_import, division
 from string import Template
 import codecs
 import pkg_resources
@@ -19,10 +18,9 @@ SRGB_ICC_PROFILE = pkg_resources.resource_filename(
 # files, from the Ghostscript documentation. Lines beginning with % are
 # comments. Python substitution variables have a '$' prefix.
 pdfa_def_template = u"""%!
-% This is a sample prefix file for creating a PDF/A document.
-% Feel free to modify entries marked with "Customize".
-% This assumes an ICC profile to reside in the file (ISO Coated sb.icc),
-% unless the user modifies the corresponding line below.
+% This is derived from Ghostscript's template for creating a PDF/A document.
+% This is a small PostScript program that includes some necessary information
+% to create a PDF/A compliant file.
 
 % Define entries in the document Info dictionary :
 /ICCProfile ($icc_profile)
@@ -70,13 +68,14 @@ def encode_text_string(s: str) -> str:
 
     From PDF 32000-1:2008 a string object may be included in hexademical form
     if it is enclosed in angle brackets.  For general Unicode the string should
-    be UTF-16 (big endian) with byte order marks.  A non-hexademical
-    representation is doable but this is preferable since it allows the output
-    Postscript file to be completely ASCII and no escaping of Postscript
-    characters is necessary.
+    be UTF-16 (big endian) with byte order marks.  Many strings including all
+    ASCII strings could be encoded as PdfDocEncoding literals provided
+    that certain Postscript sequences are escaped.  But it's far simpler to
+    encode everything as UTF-16.
     '''
 
-    # Sometimes lazy C programmer leave their NULs at the end of strings
+    # Sometimes lazy C programmers leave their NULs at the end of strings they
+    # insert into PDFs
     # tests/resources/aspect.pdf is one example (created by ImageMagick)
     s = s.replace('\x00', '')
 
@@ -139,21 +138,20 @@ def file_claims_pdfa(filename):
                 'conformance': 'No XMP metadata'}
 
     pdfa_dict = {attr.localName: attr.value for attr in pdfa_nodes}
-    pdfa_dict['pass'] = False
-    pdfa_dict['output'] = 'pdf'
-    if pdfa_dict:
-        part_conformance = pdfa_dict['part'] + pdfa_dict['conformance']
-        valid_part_conforms = {'1A', '1B', '2A', '2B', '2U', '3A', '3B', '3U'}
+    if not pdfa_dict:
+        return {'pass': False, 'output': 'pdf',
+                'conformance': 'No XMP metadata'}
 
-        conformance = 'PDF/A-{}'.format(
-            part_conformance)
+    part_conformance = pdfa_dict['part'] + pdfa_dict['conformance']
+    valid_part_conforms = {'1A', '1B', '2A', '2B', '2U', '3A', '3B', '3U'}
 
-        if part_conformance in valid_part_conforms:
-            pdfa_dict['pass'] = True
-            pdfa_dict['output'] = 'pdfa'
-        pdfa_dict['conformance'] = conformance
-    else:
-        pdfa_dict['conformance'] = 'PDF'
+    conformance = 'PDF/A-{}'.format(
+        part_conformance)
+
+    if part_conformance in valid_part_conforms:
+        pdfa_dict['pass'] = True
+        pdfa_dict['output'] = 'pdfa'
+    pdfa_dict['conformance'] = conformance
 
     return pdfa_dict
 

pipeline.svg

@@ -4,335 +4,389 @@
 <!-- Generated by graphviz version 2.38.0 (20140413.2041)
  -->
 <!-- Title: Pipeline: Pages: 1 -->
-<svg width="1444pt" height="973pt"
- viewBox="0.00 0.00 1444.00 973.18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
-<g id="graph0" class="graph" transform="scale(1 1) rotate(0) translate(4 969.181)">
+<svg width="1544pt" height="1089pt"
+ viewBox="0.00 0.00 1544.00 1089.14" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
+<g id="graph0" class="graph" transform="scale(1 1) rotate(0) translate(4 1085.14)">
 <title>Pipeline:</title>
-<polygon fill="white" stroke="none" points="-4,4 -4,-969.181 1440,-969.181 1440,4 -4,4"/>
+<polygon fill="white" stroke="none" points="-4,4 -4,-1085.14 1540,-1085.14 1540,4 -4,4"/>
 <g id="clust1" class="cluster"><title>clustertasks</title>
-<polygon fill="none" stroke="black" points="8,-8 8,-957.181 1428,-957.181 1428,-8 8,-8"/>
-<text text-anchor="middle" x="718" y="-929.181" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="30.00" fill="#ff3232">Pipeline:</text>
+<polygon fill="none" stroke="black" points="8,-8 8,-1073.14 1528,-1073.14 1528,-8 8,-8"/>
+<text text-anchor="middle" x="768" y="-1045.14" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="30.00" fill="#ff3232">Pipeline:</text>
 </g>
 <!-- t0 -->
 <g id="node1" class="node"><title>t0</title>
-<polygon fill="#efa03b" stroke="black" points="1219.77,-911.181 1034.23,-911.181 1030.23,-907.181 1030.23,-875.181 1215.77,-875.181 1219.77,-879.181 1219.77,-911.181"/>
-<polyline fill="none" stroke="black" points="1215.77,-907.181 1030.23,-907.181 "/>
-<polyline fill="none" stroke="black" points="1215.77,-907.181 1215.77,-875.181 "/>
-<polyline fill="none" stroke="black" points="1215.77,-907.181 1219.77,-911.181 "/>
-<text text-anchor="middle" x="1125" y="-887.181" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="20.00">triage</text>
+<polygon fill="#efa03b" stroke="black" points="750.705,-1027.14 541.295,-1027.14 537.295,-1023.14 537.295,-991.141 746.705,-991.141 750.705,-995.141 750.705,-1027.14"/>
+<polyline fill="none" stroke="black" points="746.705,-1023.14 537.295,-1023.14 "/>
+<polyline fill="none" stroke="black" points="746.705,-1023.14 746.705,-991.141 "/>
+<polyline fill="none" stroke="black" points="746.705,-1023.14 750.705,-1027.14 "/>
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 <g id="edge3" class="edge"><title>t2&#45;&gt;t3</title>
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 <g id="edge6" class="edge"><title>t4&#45;&gt;t5</title>
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+<!-- t4&#45;&gt;t17 -->
+<g id="edge28" class="edge"><title>t4&#45;&gt;t17</title>
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 <g id="edge7" class="edge"><title>t5&#45;&gt;t6</title>
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-<text text-anchor="middle" x="1013" y="-392.208" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="20.00">select_image_for_pdf</text>
+<!-- t11 -->
+<g id="node14" class="node"><title>t11</title>
+<polygon fill="#efa03b" stroke="black" points="1096,-484.173 712.187,-456.173 1096,-428.173 1479.81,-456.173 1096,-484.173"/>
+<text text-anchor="middle" x="1096" y="-450.173" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="20.00">ocrmypdf.pipeline.select_visible_page_image</text>
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-<!-- t5&#45;&gt;t9 -->
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+<!-- t5&#45;&gt;t11 -->
+<g id="edge18" class="edge"><title>t5&#45;&gt;t11</title>
+<path fill="none" stroke="#0044a0" d="M1051.07,-680.0px8C1072.76,-674.712 1090.1,-667.576 1098,-658.173 1136.53,-612.317 1122.5,-537.602 1109.06,-493.335"/>
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+<text text-anchor="middle" x="878" y="-576.173" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="20.00">ocrmypdf.pipeline.preprocess_deskew</text>
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 <g id="edge8" class="edge"><title>t6&#45;&gt;t7</title>
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-<polygon fill="#0044a0" stroke="#0044a0" points="884.901,-487.586 874.859,-484.209 880.604,-493.111 884.901,-487.586"/>
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+<!-- t6&#45;&gt;t11 -->
+<g id="edge17" class="edge"><title>t6&#45;&gt;t11</title>
+<path fill="none" stroke="#0044a0" d="M990.695,-622.152C1016.54,-616.369 1039.2,-609.066 1049,-600.173 1078.78,-573.156 1089.74,-526.964 1093.74,-494.403"/>
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 <g id="node9" class="node"><title>t8</title>
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+<text text-anchor="middle" x="878" y="-518.173" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="20.00">ocrmypdf.pipeline.preprocess_clean</text>
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 <g id="edge9" class="edge"><title>t7&#45;&gt;t8</title>
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-<!-- t7&#45;&gt;t9 -->
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-<polygon fill="#0044a0" stroke="#0044a0" points="951.009,-428.565 958.918,-421.516 948.339,-422.094 951.009,-428.565"/>
+<!-- t7&#45;&gt;t11 -->
+<g id="edge16" class="edge"><title>t7&#45;&gt;t11</title>
+<path fill="none" stroke="#0044a0" d="M995.441,-564.147C1011.26,-558.713 1026.62,-551.566 1040,-542.173 1057.45,-529.919 1070.89,-510.334 1080.22,-493.051"/>
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-<text text-anchor="middle" x="794" y="-314.208" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="20.00">render_hocr_page</text>
+<!-- t9 -->
+<g id="node10" class="node"><title>t9</title>
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+<polyline fill="none" stroke="black" points="690.109,-470.173 694.109,-474.173 "/>
+<text text-anchor="middle" x="540" y="-450.173" font-family="Times,serif" font-size="20.00">ocrmypdf.pipeline.select_ocr_image</text>
+</g>
+<!-- t8&#45;&gt;t9 -->
+<g id="edge10" class="edge"><title>t8&#45;&gt;t9</title>
+<path fill="none" stroke="#0044a0" d="M790.517,-506.09C743.487,-496.907 685.383,-485.561 636.976,-476.109"/>
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+<g id="edge15" class="edge"><title>t8&#45;&gt;t11</title>
+<path fill="none" stroke="#0044a0" d="M934.424,-506.09C958.693,-498.742 987.536,-490.01 1014.09,-481.971"/>
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+<!-- t10 -->
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+<g id="edge11" class="edge"><title>t9&#45;&gt;t10</title>
+<path fill="none" stroke="#0044a0" d="M631.992,-438.111C655.104,-434.327 679.903,-430.697 703,-428.173 884.404,-408.343 931.549,-425.567 1113,-406.173 1133.45,-403.987 1155.2,-400.994 1176.03,-397.794"/>
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+<!-- t9&#45;&gt;t15 -->
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pytest.ini

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-[pytest]
-norecursedirs = lib .pc .git

requirements.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # requirements.txt can be used to replicate the developer's build environment
 # setup.py lists a separate set of requirements that are looser to simplify
 # installation
-ruffus==2.6.3
-Pillow==3.3.0
-reportlab==3.2.0
-PyPDF2==1.26
-img2pdf==0.2.1
-cffi==1.5.2
+ruffus == 2.6.3
+Pillow == 4.0.0
+reportlab == 3.3.0
+PyPDF2 == 1.26
+img2pdf == 0.2.3
+cffi == 1.9.1

setup.cfg

@@ -6,4 +6,8 @@ test=pytest
 
 [check-manifest]
 ignore =
-	.github
+	.github
+
+[tool:pytest]
+norecursedirs = lib .pc .git output cache resources
+testpaths = tests

setup.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ if sys.version_info < (3, 4):
     print("Python 3.4 or newer is required", file=sys.stderr)
     sys.exit(1)
 
-from setuptools import setup  # nopep8
+from setuptools import setup, find_packages  # nopep8
 from subprocess import STDOUT, check_output, CalledProcessError  # nopep8
 from collections.abc import Mapping  # nopep8
 import re  # nopep8
@@ -148,18 +148,19 @@ def check_external_program(
 
 
 command = next((arg for arg in sys.argv[1:] if not arg.startswith('-')), '')
+forced = ('--force' in sys.argv)
 
 
-if command.startswith('install') or \
+if not forced and command.startswith('install') or \
         command in ['check', 'test', 'nosetests', 'easy_install']:
     check_external_program(
         program='tesseract',
-        need_version='3.03',  # limited by Travis CI / Ubuntu 12.04 backports
+        need_version='3.03',  # limited by Travis CI / Ubuntu 14.04 backports
         package={'darwin': 'tesseract', 'linux': 'tesseract-ocr'}
     )
     check_external_program(
         program='gs',
-        need_version='9.15',  # limited by Travis CI / Ubuntu 12.04 backports
+        need_version='9.15',  # limited by Travis CI / Ubuntu 14.04 backports
         package='ghostscript'
     )
     check_external_program(
@@ -170,10 +171,12 @@ if command.startswith('install') or \
     )
     check_external_program(
         program='qpdf',
-        need_version='5.0.0',   # limited by Travis CI / Ubuntu 12.04 backports
+        need_version='5.1.1',   # limited by Travis CI / Ubuntu 14.04 backports
         package='qpdf',
         version_check_args=['--version']
     )
+else:
+    print('Skipping external program tests because of --force')
 
 
 if 'upload' in sys.argv[1:]:
@@ -188,11 +191,14 @@ setup(
     url='https://github.com/jbarlow83/OCRmyPDF',
     author='James R. Barlow',
     author_email='jim@purplerock.ca',
-    license='Public Domain',
-    packages=['ocrmypdf'],
+    license='MIT',
+    packages=find_packages(exclude=["tests", "tests.*"]),
     keywords=['PDF', 'OCR', 'optical character recognition', 'PDF/A', 'scanning'],
     classifiers=[
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",
         "Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable",
         "Environment :: Console",
         "Intended Audience :: End Users/Desktop",
@@ -208,21 +214,20 @@ setup(
         "Topic :: Text Processing :: Linguistic",
         ],
     setup_requires=[
-        'setuptools_scm',
-        'cffi>=1.5.0',
-        'pytest-runner'
+        'setuptools_scm',       # so that version will work
+        'cffi>=1.9.1'           # to build the leptonica module
     ],
     use_scm_version={'version_scheme': 'post-release'},
     cffi_modules=[
-        'ocrmypdf/lib/compile_leptonica.py:ffi'
+        'ocrmypdf/lib/compile_leptonica.py:ffibuilder'
     ],
     install_requires=[
         'ruffus==2.6.3',        # pinned - ocrmypdf implements a 2.6.3 workaround
-        'Pillow>=3.1.0',        # Pillow is pretty stable
+        'Pillow>=4.0.0',        # Pillow < 4 has BytesIO/TIFF bug w/img2pdf 0.2.3
         'reportlab>=3.2.0',     # oldest released version with sane image handling
         'PyPDF2>=1.26',         # pure Python, so track HEAD closely
-        'img2pdf>=0.2.1',       # pure Python, so track HEAD closely
-        'cffi>=1.5.0'           # oldest version ever tested
+        'img2pdf>=0.2.3',       # pure Python, so track HEAD closely
+        'cffi>=1.9.1'           # must be a setup and install requirement
     ],
     tests_require=tests_require,
     entry_points={

share/etc-apt-sources.list

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-deb http://httpredir.debian.org/debian stretch main
-deb http://httpredir.debian.org/debian stretch-updates main
-deb http://security.debian.org stretch/updates main
-deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian sid main contrib non-free

test_requirements.txt

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-pytest>=2.7.2
+pytest >= 3.0
+pytest-helpers-namespace

tests/conftest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# © 2017 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
+
+import sys
+import os
+import platform
+
+pytest_plugins = ['helpers_namespace']
+
+import pytest
+from pathlib import Path
+from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
+
+
+if sys.version_info.major < 3:
+    print("Requires Python 3.4+")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+
+@pytest.helpers.register
+def is_linux():
+    return platform.system() == 'Linux'
+
+
+@pytest.helpers.register
+def running_in_docker():
+    # Docker creates a file named /.dockerenv (newer versions) or
+    # /.dockerinit (older) -- this is undocumented, not an offical test
+    return os.path.exists('/.dockerenv') or os.path.exists('/.dockerinit')
+
+
+TESTS_ROOT = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+SPOOF_PATH = os.path.join(TESTS_ROOT, 'spoof')
+PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(TESTS_ROOT)
+OCRMYPDF = [sys.executable, '-m', 'ocrmypdf']
+
+
+@pytest.helpers.register
+def spoof(**kwargs):
+    """Modify environment variables to override subprocess executables
+
+    spoof(program1='replacement', ...)
+
+    Before running any executable, ocrmypdf checks the environment variable
+    OCRMYPDF_PROGRAMNAME to override default program name/location, e.g.
+    OCRMYPDF_GS redirects from the system path Ghostscript ("gs") to elsewhere.
+
+    """
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+
+    for replace_program, with_spoof in kwargs.items():
+        spoofer = os.path.join(SPOOF_PATH, with_spoof)
+        if not os.access(spoofer, os.X_OK):
+            os.chmod(spoofer, 0o755)
+        env['OCRMYPDF_' + replace_program.upper()] = spoofer
+    return env
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def resources():
+    return Path(TESTS_ROOT) / 'resources'
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def ocrmypdf_exec():
+    return OCRMYPDF
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
+def outdir(tmpdir):
+    return Path(str(tmpdir))
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
+def outpdf(tmpdir):
+    return str(Path(str(tmpdir)) / 'out.pdf')
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
+def no_outpdf(tmpdir):
+    """This just documents the fact that a test is not expected to produce
+    output. Unfortunately an assertion failure inside a test fixture produces
+    an error rather than a test failure, so no testing is done. It's up to
+    the test to confirm that no output file was created."""
+    return str(Path(str(tmpdir)) / 'no_output.pdf')
+
+
+@pytest.helpers.register
+def check_ocrmypdf(input_file, output_file, *args, env=None):
+    "Run ocrmypdf and confirmed that a valid file was created"
+
+    p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(input_file, output_file, *args, env=env)
+    #print(err)  # ensure py.test collects the output, use -s to view
+    assert p.returncode == 0
+    assert os.path.exists(str(output_file)), "Output file not created"
+    assert os.stat(str(output_file)).st_size > 100, "PDF too small or empty"
+    assert out == "", \
+        "The following was written to stdout and should not have been: \n" + \
+        "<stdout>\n" + out + "\n</stdout>"
+    return output_file
+
+
+@pytest.helpers.register
+def run_ocrmypdf(input_file, output_file, *args, env=None):
+    "Run ocrmypdf and let caller deal with results"
+
+    if env is None:
+        env = os.environ
+
+    p_args = OCRMYPDF + list(args) + [str(input_file), str(output_file)]
+    p = Popen(
+        p_args, close_fds=True, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE,
+        universal_newlines=True, env=env)
+    out, err = p.communicate()
+    #print(err)
+
+    return p, out, err

tests/resources/README.rst

@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ In some cases they were converted from one image format to another without other
     *   - LinnSequencer.jpg, linn.pdf, linn.txt
         - `Wikimedia: LinnSequencer`_
         - Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0
+    *   - typewriter.png, 2400dpi.pdf
+        - `Wikimedia: Triumph typewrtier text Linzensoep`_
+        * Creative Commons BY-SA 2.5
 
 
 Files generated for this project
@@ -61,6 +64,9 @@ under the terms of the license in LICENSE.rst.
     *   - epson.pdf
         - @lowesjam
         - a linearized PDF containing some unusual indirect objects, created by an Epson printer; printout of a Wikipedia article (CC BY-SA)
+    *   - formxobject.pdf
+        - @jbarlow83
+        - hand-crafted exotic PDF containing an image inside a Form XObject
     *   - francais.pdf
         - @jbarlow83
         - a page containing French accents (diacritics)  
@@ -76,20 +82,24 @@ under the terms of the license in LICENSE.rst.
     *   - missing_docinfo.pdf
         - @jbarlow83
         - PDF file with no /DocumentInfo section 
+    *   - overlay.pdf
+        - @maxandersen
+        - PDF file generated by PDFPen pro that triggered content stream parse errors
 
 Assemblies
 ==========
 
 These test resources are assemblies from other previously mentioned files, released under the same license terms as their input files.
 
-- cardinal.pdf (four cardinal directions, rotated copies of LinnSequencer.jpg)
+- cardinal.pdf (four cardinal directions, baked-in rotated copies of LinnSequencer.jpg)
 - ccitt.pdf (LinnSequencer.jpg, converted to CCITT encoding)
 - encrypted_algo4.pdf (congress.jpg, encrypted with algorithm 4 - not supported by PyPDF2)
 - graph_ocred.pdf (from graph.pdf)
 - jbig2.pdf (congress.jpg, converted to JBIG2 encoding)
 - multipage.pdf (from several other files)
 - palette.pdf (congress.jpg, converted to a 256-color palette)
-- skew.pdf (from c02-22.pdf)
+- rotated_skew.pdf (a /Rotate'd and skewed document from LinnSequencer.jpg)
+- skew.pdf (from LinnSequencer.jpg, skew simulated by adjusting the transformation matrix)
 - skew-encrypted.pdf (skew.pdf with encryption - access supported by PyPDF2)
 
 
@@ -103,4 +113,6 @@ These test resources are assemblies from other previously mentioned files, relea
 
 .. _`Wikimedia: JPEG2000 Lichtenstein`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_2000#/media/File:Jpeg2000_2-level_wavelet_transform-lichtenstein.png
 
-.. _`Linux (Wikipedia Article)`: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux 
+.. _`Linux (Wikipedia Article)`: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux 
+
+.. _`Wikimedia: Triumph typewrtier text Linzensoep`: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Triumph.typewriter_text_Linzensoep.gif

tests/spoof/gs_feature_elision.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import sys
+import os
+from subprocess import check_call
+
+"""Replicate one type of Ghostscript feature elision warning during
+PDF/A creation."""
+
+
+def real_ghostscript(argv):
+    gs_args = ['gs'] + argv[1:]
+    os.execvp("gs", gs_args)
+    return  # Not reachable
+
+
+elision_warning = """GPL Ghostscript 9.20: Setting Overprint Mode to 1
+not permitted in PDF/A-2, overprint mode not set"""
+
+
+def main():
+    if '--version' in sys.argv:
+        print('9.20')
+        print('SPOOFED: ' + os.path.basename(__filename__))
+        sys.exit(0)
+
+    gs_args = ['gs'] + sys.argv[1:]
+    check_call(gs_args)
+
+    if '-sDEVICE=pdfwrite' in sys.argv[1:]:
+        print(elision_warning)
+
+    sys.exit(0)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

tests/spoof/gs_pdfa_failure.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import sys
+import os
+
+"""Replicate Ghostscript PDF/A conversion failure by suppressing some
+arguments"""
+
+
+def real_ghostscript(argv):
+    gs_args = ['gs'] + argv[1:]
+    os.execvp("gs", gs_args)
+    return  # Not reachable
+
+
+def main():
+    if '--version' in sys.argv:
+        print('9.20')
+        print('SPOOFED: ' + os.path.basename(__filename__))
+        sys.exit(0)
+
+    # Unless some argument is calling for PDFA generation, forward to
+    # real ghostscript
+    if not any(arg.startswith('-dPDFA') for arg in sys.argv):
+        real_ghostscript(sys.argv)
+        return
+
+    # Remove the two arguments that tell ghostscript to create a PDF/A
+    # Does not remove the Postscript definition file - not necessary
+    # to cause PDF/A creation failure
+    argv = []
+    for arg in sys.argv:
+        if arg.startswith('-dPDFA'):
+            continue
+        elif arg.startswith('-dPDFACompatibilityPolicy'):
+            continue
+        argv.append(arg)
+
+    real_ghostscript(argv)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

tests/spoof/tesseract_cache.py

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ def real_tesseract():
 def main():
     operation = sys.argv[-1]
     # For anything unexpected operation, defer to real tesseract binary
+    # Currently this includes all use of "--tesseract-config"
     if operation != 'hocr' and operation != 'pdf' and operation != 'stdout':
         real_tesseract()
         return  # Not reachable
@@ -48,23 +49,43 @@ def main():
 
     m = hashlib.sha1()
 
-    version = subprocess.check_output(
+    tess_version = subprocess.check_output(
         ['tesseract', '--version'],
         stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
 
-    m.update(version)
+    if b'4.00.00alpha' in tess_version:
+        # Tesseract 4.x alpha is a moving target, don't cache it
+        real_tesseract()
+        return
+
+    m.update(tess_version)
+
+    # Insert this source file into the hash function, to ensure that any
+    # changes to this file invalidate previous hashes
+    with open(__file__, 'rb') as f:
+        m.update(f.read())
+
     m.update(operation.encode())
 
     try:
         lang = sys.argv[sys.argv.index('-l') + 1]
         m.update(lang.encode())
     except ValueError:
-        pass
-    try:
-        psm = sys.argv[sys.argv.index('-psm') + 1]
-        m.update(psm.encode())
-    except ValueError:
-        pass
+        m.update(b'default-lang')
+
+    psm_arg = ''
+    if '--psm' in sys.argv:
+        psm_arg = '--psm'
+    elif '-psm' in sys.argv:
+        psm_arg = '-psm'
+    if psm_arg:
+        try:
+            psm = sys.argv[sys.argv.index(psm_arg) + 1]
+            m.update(psm.encode())
+        except ValueError:
+            m.update(b'default-psm')
+    else:
+        m.update(b'default-psm')
 
     if operation == 'stdout' and psm != '0':
         real_tesseract()
@@ -93,10 +114,10 @@ def main():
             shutil.copy(cache_name, output_file)
 
         # Replicate output
-        with open(cache_name + '.stdout', 'r') as f:
-            print(f.read(), end='')
-        with open(cache_name + '.stderr', 'r') as f:
-            print(f.read(), end='', file=sys.stderr)
+        with open(cache_name + '.stdout', 'rb') as f:
+            sys.stdout.buffer.write(f.read())
+        with open(cache_name + '.stderr', 'rb') as f:
+            sys.stderr.buffer.write(f.read())
         sys.exit(0)
 
     # Cache miss
@@ -105,23 +126,22 @@ def main():
     # Call tesseract
     p = subprocess.Popen(
             ['tesseract'] + sys.argv[1:],
-            stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
-            universal_newlines=True)
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
     stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
 
     if p.returncode != 0:
         # Do not cache errors or crashes
         print("Tesseract error", file=sys.stderr)
-        print(stdout, end='')
-        print(stderr, end='', file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.stdout.buffer.write(stdout)
+        sys.stderr.buffer.write(stderr)
         return p.returncode
 
-    with open(cache_name + '.stdout', 'w') as f:
+    with open(cache_name + '.stdout', 'wb') as f:
         f.write(stdout)
-    with open(cache_name + '.stderr', 'w') as f:
+    with open(cache_name + '.stderr', 'wb') as f:
         f.write(stderr)
-    print(stdout, end='')
-    print(stderr, end='', file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.stdout.buffer.write(stdout)
+    sys.stderr.buffer.write(stderr)
 
     # Insert file into cache
     if output_file != 'stdout':

tests/test_hocrtransform.py

@@ -2,11 +2,13 @@
 # © 2015 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
 
 from ocrmypdf import hocrtransform
-from ocrmypdf.tesseract import HOCR_TEMPLATE
+from ocrmypdf.exec.tesseract import HOCR_TEMPLATE
+from ocrmypdf.exec import qpdf
 from reportlab.pdfgen.canvas import Canvas
 from PIL import Image
 from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
 from contextlib import suppress
+from pathlib import Path
 import os
 import shutil
 import pytest
@@ -15,47 +17,25 @@ import pytest
 import sys
 
 
-if sys.version_info.major < 3:
-    print("Requires Python 3.4+")
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-TESTS_ROOT = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
-SPOOF_PATH = os.path.join(TESTS_ROOT, 'spoof')
-PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(TESTS_ROOT)
-OCRMYPDF = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'OCRmyPDF.sh')
-TEST_RESOURCES = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'tests', 'resources')
-TEST_OUTPUT = os.environ.get(
-    'OCRMYPDF_TEST_OUTPUT',
-    default=os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'tests', 'output', 'hocrtransform'))
-
-
-def setup_module():
-    with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-        shutil.rmtree(TEST_OUTPUT)
-    with suppress(FileExistsError):
-        os.makedirs(TEST_OUTPUT)
-    with open(_make_output('blank.hocr'), 'w') as f:
+@pytest.fixture
+def blank_hocr(tmpdir):
+    filename = Path(str(tmpdir)) / "blank.hocr"
+    with open(str(filename), 'w') as f:
         f.write(HOCR_TEMPLATE)
+    return filename
 
 
-def _make_input(input_basename):
-    return os.path.join(TEST_RESOURCES, input_basename)
-
-
-def _make_output(output_basename):
-    return os.path.join(TEST_OUTPUT, output_basename)
-
-
-def test_mono_image():
+def test_mono_image(blank_hocr, outdir):
     im = Image.new('1', (8, 8), 0)
     for n in range(8):
         im.putpixel((n, n), 1)
-    im.save(_make_output('mono.tif'), format='TIFF')
-
-    hocr = hocrtransform.HocrTransform(_make_output('blank.hocr'), 300)
-    hocr.to_pdf(_make_output('mono.pdf'), imageFileName=_make_output('mono.tif'))
-
+    im.save(outdir / 'mono.tif', format='TIFF')
 
+    hocr = hocrtransform.HocrTransform(str(blank_hocr), 300)
+    hocr.to_pdf(
+        str(outdir / 'mono.pdf'), imageFileName=str(outdir / 'mono.tif'))
+
+    qpdf.check(str(outdir / 'mono.pdf'))
 
 
 

tests/test_main.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # © 2015 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
 
-from __future__ import print_function
 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, check_output, check_call, DEVNULL
 import os
 import shutil
@@ -10,168 +9,136 @@ import sys
 import pytest
 from ocrmypdf.pageinfo import pdf_get_all_pageinfo
 import PyPDF2 as pypdf
-from ocrmypdf import ExitCode
+from ocrmypdf.exceptions import ExitCode
 from ocrmypdf import leptonica
 from ocrmypdf.pdfa import file_claims_pdfa
-import platform
 
 
-if sys.version_info.major < 3:
-    print("Requires Python 3.4+")
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-TESTS_ROOT = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
-SPOOF_PATH = os.path.join(TESTS_ROOT, 'spoof')
-PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(TESTS_ROOT)
-TEST_RESOURCES = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'tests', 'resources')
-TEST_OUTPUT = os.environ.get(
-    'OCRMYPDF_TEST_OUTPUT',
-    default=os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'tests', 'output', 'main'))
-OCRMYPDF = [sys.executable, '-m', 'ocrmypdf']
-
-
-def running_in_docker():
-    # Docker creates a file named /.dockerinit
-    return os.path.exists('/.dockerinit')
-
-
-def is_linux():
-    return platform.system() == 'Linux'
-
-
-def setup_module():
-    with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-        shutil.rmtree(TEST_OUTPUT)
-    with suppress(FileExistsError):
-        os.makedirs(TEST_OUTPUT)
-
-
-def _infile(input_basename):
-    return os.path.join(TEST_RESOURCES, input_basename)
-
-
-def _outfile(output_basename):
-    return os.path.join(TEST_OUTPUT, os.path.basename(output_basename))
-
-
-def check_ocrmypdf(input_basename, output_basename, *args, env=None):
-    "Run ocrmypdf and confirmed that a valid file was created"
-    input_file = _infile(input_basename)
-    output_file = _outfile(output_basename)
-
-    p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(input_basename, output_basename, *args, env=env)
-    if p.returncode != 0:
-        print('stdout\n======')
-        print(out)
-        print('stderr\n======')
-        print(err)
-    assert p.returncode == 0
-    assert os.path.exists(output_file), "Output file not created"
-    assert os.stat(output_file).st_size > 100, "PDF too small or empty"
-    return output_file
-
-
-def run_ocrmypdf(input_basename, output_basename, *args, env=None):
-    "Run ocrmypdf and let caller deal with results"
-    input_file = _infile(input_basename)
-    output_file = _outfile(output_basename)
-
-    if env is None:
-        env = os.environ
-
-    p_args = OCRMYPDF + list(args) + [input_file, output_file]
-    p = Popen(
-        p_args, close_fds=True, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE,
-        universal_newlines=True, env=env)
-    out, err = p.communicate()
-    return p, out, err
-
-
-def spoof(replace_program, with_spoof):
-    """Modify environment variables to override subprocess executables
-
-    Before running any executable, ocrmypdf checks the environment variable
-    OCRMYPDF_PROGRAMNAME to override default program name/location, e.g.
-    OCRMYPDF_GS redirects from the system path Ghostscript ("gs") to elsewhere.
-    """
-    env = os.environ.copy()
-    spoofer = os.path.join(SPOOF_PATH, with_spoof)
-    if not os.access(spoofer, os.X_OK):
-        os.chmod(spoofer, 0o755)
-    env['OCRMYPDF_' + replace_program.upper()] = spoofer
-    return env
-
+check_ocrmypdf = pytest.helpers.check_ocrmypdf
+run_ocrmypdf = pytest.helpers.run_ocrmypdf
+spoof = pytest.helpers.spoof
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def spoof_tesseract_noop():
-    return spoof('tesseract', 'tesseract_noop.py')
+    return spoof(tesseract='tesseract_noop.py')
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def spoof_tesseract_cache():
-    if running_in_docker():
+    if pytest.helpers.running_in_docker():
         return os.environ.copy()
-    return spoof('tesseract', "tesseract_cache.py")
+    return spoof(tesseract="tesseract_cache.py")
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def spoof_tesseract_crash():
-    return spoof('tesseract', 'tesseract_crash.py')
+    return spoof(tesseract='tesseract_crash.py')
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def spoof_tesseract_big_image_error():
-    return spoof('tesseract', 'tesseract_big_image_error.py')
+    return spoof(tesseract='tesseract_big_image_error.py')
 
 
-def test_quick(spoof_tesseract_cache):
-    check_ocrmypdf('ccitt.pdf', 'test_quick.pdf', env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
+@pytest.fixture
+def spoof_no_tess_no_pdfa():
+    return spoof(tesseract='tesseract_noop.py', gs='gs_pdfa_failure.py')
 
 
-def test_deskew(spoof_tesseract_noop):
+@pytest.fixture
+def spoof_no_tess_pdfa_warning():
+    return spoof(tesseract='tesseract_noop.py', gs='gs_feature_elision.py')
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def spoof_qpdf_always_error():
+    return spoof(qpdf='qpdf_dummy_return2.py')
+
+
+def test_quick(spoof_tesseract_cache, resources, outpdf):
+    check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'ccitt.pdf', outpdf, env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
+
+
+def test_deskew(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outdir):
     # Run with deskew
     deskewed_pdf = check_ocrmypdf(
-        'skew.pdf', 'test_deskew.pdf', '-d', '-v', '1', env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+        resources / 'skew.pdf', outdir / 'skew.pdf', '-d', '-v', '1',
+        env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
 
     # Now render as an image again and use Leptonica to find the skew angle
     # to confirm that it was deskewed
-    from ocrmypdf.ghostscript import rasterize_pdf
+    from ocrmypdf.exec.ghostscript import rasterize_pdf
     import logging
     log = logging.getLogger()
 
-    deskewed_png = _outfile('deskewed.png')
+    deskewed_png = outdir / 'deskewed.png'
 
     rasterize_pdf(
-        deskewed_pdf,
-        deskewed_png,
+        str(deskewed_pdf),
+        str(deskewed_png),
         xres=150,
         yres=150,
         raster_device='pngmono',
         log=log)
 
     from ocrmypdf.leptonica import Pix
-    pix = Pix.read(deskewed_png)
+    pix = Pix.read(str(deskewed_png))
     skew_angle, skew_confidence = pix.find_skew()
 
     print(skew_angle)
     assert -0.5 < skew_angle < 0.5, "Deskewing failed"
 
 
-def test_clean(spoof_tesseract_noop):
-    check_ocrmypdf('skew.pdf', 'test_clean.pdf', '-c',
+def test_clean(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outpdf):
+    check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'skew.pdf', outpdf, '-c',
                    env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
 
 
+def test_remove_background(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outdir):
+    from PIL import Image
+
+    # Ensure the input image does not contain pure white/black
+    im = Image.open(resources / 'congress.jpg')
+    assert im.getextrema() != ((0, 255), (0, 255), (0, 255))
+
+    output_pdf = check_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'congress.jpg',
+        outdir / 'test_remove_bg.pdf',
+        '--remove-background',
+        '--image-dpi', '150',
+        env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+
+    from ocrmypdf.exec.ghostscript import rasterize_pdf
+    import logging
+    log = logging.getLogger()
+
+    output_png = outdir / 'remove_bg.png'
+
+    rasterize_pdf(
+        str(output_pdf),
+        str(output_png),
+        xres=100,
+        yres=100,
+        raster_device='png16m',
+        log=log)
+
+
+    # The output image should contain pure white and black
+    im = Image.open(output_png)
+    assert im.getextrema() == ((0, 255), (0, 255), (0, 255))
+
+
 # This will run 5 * 2 * 2 = 20 test cases
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "pdf",
     ['palette.pdf', 'cmyk.pdf', 'ccitt.pdf', 'jbig2.pdf', 'lichtenstein.pdf'])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("renderer", ['hocr', 'tesseract'])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("output_type", ['pdf', 'pdfa'])
-def test_exotic_image(spoof_tesseract_cache, pdf, renderer, output_type):
+def test_exotic_image(spoof_tesseract_cache, pdf, renderer, output_type,
+                      resources, outdir):
     check_ocrmypdf(
-        pdf,
-        'test_{0}_{1}.pdf'.format(pdf, renderer),
+        resources / pdf,
+        outdir / 'test_{0}_{1}.pdf'.format(pdf, renderer),
         '-dc',
         '-v', '1',
         '--output-type', output_type,
@@ -181,38 +148,40 @@ def test_exotic_image(spoof_tesseract_cache, pdf, renderer, output_type):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("output_type", [
     'pdfa', 'pdf'
     ])
-def test_preserve_metadata(spoof_tesseract_noop, output_type):
-    pdf_before = pypdf.PdfFileReader(_infile('graph.pdf'))
+def test_preserve_metadata(spoof_tesseract_noop, output_type,
+                           resources, outpdf):
+    pdf_before = pypdf.PdfFileReader(str(resources / 'graph.pdf'))
 
-    output = check_ocrmypdf('graph.pdf', 'test_metadata_preserve.pdf',
-                            '--output-type', output_type,
-                            env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+    output = check_ocrmypdf(
+            resources / 'graph.pdf', outpdf,
+            '--output-type', output_type,
+            env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
 
-    pdf_after = pypdf.PdfFileReader(output)
+    pdf_after = pypdf.PdfFileReader(str(output))
 
     for key in ('/Title', '/Author'):
         assert pdf_before.documentInfo[key] == pdf_after.documentInfo[key]
 
-    pdfa_info = file_claims_pdfa(output)
+    pdfa_info = file_claims_pdfa(str(output))
     assert pdfa_info['output'] == output_type
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(
-    is_linux() and not running_in_docker(),
+    pytest.helpers.is_linux() and not pytest.helpers.running_in_docker(),
     reason="likely to fail if Linux locale is not configured correctly")
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("output_type", [
     'pdfa', 'pdf'
     ])
-def test_override_metadata(spoof_tesseract_noop, output_type):
-    input_file = _infile('c02-22.pdf')
-    output_file = _outfile('test_override_metadata.pdf')
+def test_override_metadata(spoof_tesseract_noop, output_type, resources,
+                           outpdf):
+    input_file = resources / 'c02-22.pdf'
 
     german = 'Du siehst den Wald vor lauter Bäumen nicht.'
     chinese = '孔子'
     high_unicode = 'U+1030C is: 𐌌'
 
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        input_file, output_file,
+        input_file, outpdf,
         '--title', german,
         '--author', chinese,
         '--subject', high_unicode,
@@ -221,7 +190,7 @@ def test_override_metadata(spoof_tesseract_noop, output_type):
 
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.ok
 
-    pdf = output_file
+    pdf = str(outpdf)
 
     out_pdfinfo = check_output(['pdfinfo', pdf], universal_newlines=True)
     lines_pdfinfo = out_pdfinfo.splitlines()
@@ -235,7 +204,7 @@ def test_override_metadata(spoof_tesseract_noop, output_type):
     assert pdfinfo['Subject'] == high_unicode
     assert pdfinfo.get('Keywords', '') == ''
 
-    pdfa_info = file_claims_pdfa(output_file)
+    pdfa_info = file_claims_pdfa(pdf)
     assert pdfa_info['output'] == output_type
 
 
@@ -243,90 +212,94 @@ def test_override_metadata(spoof_tesseract_noop, output_type):
     'hocr',
     'tesseract',
     ])
-def test_oversample(spoof_tesseract_cache, renderer):
+def test_oversample(spoof_tesseract_cache, renderer, resources, outpdf):
     oversampled_pdf = check_ocrmypdf(
-        'skew.pdf', 'test_oversample_%s.pdf' % renderer, '--oversample', '350',
+        resources / 'skew.pdf', outpdf, '--oversample', '350',
         '-f',
         '--pdf-renderer', renderer, env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
 
-    pdfinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(oversampled_pdf)
+    pdfinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(oversampled_pdf))
 
     print(pdfinfo[0]['xres'])
     assert abs(pdfinfo[0]['xres'] - 350) < 1
 
 
-def test_repeat_ocr():
-    p, _, _ = run_ocrmypdf('graph_ocred.pdf', 'wontwork.pdf')
+def test_repeat_ocr(resources, no_outpdf):
+    p, _, _ = run_ocrmypdf(resources / 'graph_ocred.pdf', no_outpdf)
     assert p.returncode != 0
 
 
-def test_force_ocr(spoof_tesseract_cache):
-    out = check_ocrmypdf('graph_ocred.pdf', 'test_force.pdf', '-f',
+def test_force_ocr(spoof_tesseract_cache, resources, outpdf):
+    out = check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'graph_ocred.pdf', outpdf, '-f',
                          env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
     pdfinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(out)
     assert pdfinfo[0]['has_text']
 
 
-def test_skip_ocr(spoof_tesseract_cache):
-    check_ocrmypdf('graph_ocred.pdf', 'test_skip.pdf', '-s',
+def test_skip_ocr(spoof_tesseract_cache, resources, outpdf):
+    check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'graph_ocred.pdf', outpdf, '-s',
                    env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
 
 
-def test_argsfile(spoof_tesseract_noop):
-    with open(_outfile('test_argsfile.txt'), 'w') as argsfile:
+def test_argsfile(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outdir):
+    path_argsfile = outdir / 'test_argsfile.txt'
+    with open(str(path_argsfile), 'w') as argsfile:
         print('--title', 'ArgsFile Test', '--author', 'Test Cases',
               sep='\n', end='\n', file=argsfile)
-    check_ocrmypdf('graph.pdf', 'test_argsfile.pdf',
-                   '@' + _outfile('test_argsfile.txt'),
+    check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'graph.pdf', path_argsfile,
+                   '@' + str(outdir / 'test_argsfile.txt'),
                    env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
 
 
 def check_monochrome_correlation(
+        outdir,
         reference_pdf, reference_pageno, test_pdf, test_pageno):
 
-    import ocrmypdf.ghostscript as ghostscript
+    import ocrmypdf.exec.ghostscript as ghostscript
     import logging
 
     gslog = logging.getLogger()
 
-    reference_png = _outfile('{}.ref{:04d}.png'.format(
-        reference_pdf, reference_pageno))
-    test_png = _outfile('{}.test{:04d}.png'.format(
-        test_pdf, test_pageno))
+    reference_png = outdir / '{}.ref{:04d}.png'.format(
+        reference_pdf.name, reference_pageno)
+    test_png = outdir / '{}.test{:04d}.png'.format(
+        test_pdf.name, test_pageno)
 
     def rasterize(pdf, pageno, png):
-        if os.path.exists(png):
+        if png.exists():
             print(png)
             return
         ghostscript.rasterize_pdf(
-            pdf,
-            png,
+            str(pdf),
+            str(png),
             xres=100, yres=100,
             raster_device='pngmono', log=gslog, pageno=pageno)
 
     rasterize(reference_pdf, reference_pageno, reference_png)
     rasterize(test_pdf, test_pageno, test_png)
 
-    pix_ref = leptonica.Pix.read(reference_png)
-    pix_test = leptonica.Pix.read(test_png)
+    pix_ref = leptonica.Pix.read(str(reference_png))
+    pix_test = leptonica.Pix.read(str(test_png))
 
     return leptonica.Pix.correlation_binary(pix_ref, pix_test)
 
 
-def test_monochrome_correlation():
+def test_monochrome_correlation(resources, outdir):
     # Verify leptonica: check that an incorrect rotated image has poor
     # correlation with reference
     corr = check_monochrome_correlation(
-        reference_pdf=_infile('cardinal.pdf'),
+        outdir,
+        reference_pdf=resources / 'cardinal.pdf',
         reference_pageno=1,  # north facing page
-        test_pdf=_infile('cardinal.pdf'),
+        test_pdf=resources / 'cardinal.pdf',
         test_pageno=3,  # south facing page
         )
     assert corr < 0.10
     corr = check_monochrome_correlation(
-        reference_pdf=_infile('cardinal.pdf'),
+        outdir,
+        reference_pdf=resources / 'cardinal.pdf',
         reference_pageno=2,
-        test_pdf=_infile('cardinal.pdf'),
+        test_pdf=resources / 'cardinal.pdf',
         test_pageno=2,
         )
     assert corr > 0.90
@@ -336,175 +309,169 @@ def test_monochrome_correlation():
     'hocr',
     'tesseract',
     ])
-def test_autorotate(spoof_tesseract_cache, renderer):
+def test_autorotate(spoof_tesseract_cache, renderer, resources, outdir):
     # cardinal.pdf contains four copies of an image rotated in each cardinal
     # direction - these ones are "burned in" not tagged with /Rotate
-    out = check_ocrmypdf('cardinal.pdf', 'test_autorotate_%s.pdf' % renderer,
+    out = check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'cardinal.pdf', outdir / 'out.pdf',
                          '-r', '-v', '1', env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
     for n in range(1, 4+1):
         correlation = check_monochrome_correlation(
-            reference_pdf=_infile('cardinal.pdf'),
+            outdir,
+            reference_pdf=resources / 'cardinal.pdf',
             reference_pageno=1,
-            test_pdf=out,
+            test_pdf=outdir / 'out.pdf',
             test_pageno=n)
         assert correlation > 0.80
 
 
-def test_autorotate_threshold_low(spoof_tesseract_cache):
-    out = check_ocrmypdf('cardinal.pdf', 'test_autorotate_threshold_low.pdf',
-                         '--rotate-pages-threshold', '1',
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('threshold, correlation_test', [
+    ('1', 'correlation > 0.80'),  # Low thresh -> always rotate -> high corr
+    ('99', 'correlation < 0.10'),  # High thres -> never rotate -> low corr
+])
+def test_autorotate_threshold(
+    spoof_tesseract_cache, threshold, correlation_test, resources, outdir):
+    out = check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'cardinal.pdf', outdir / 'out.pdf',
+                         '--rotate-pages-threshold', threshold,
                          '-r', '-v', '1', env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
 
-    # Low threshold -> always rotate -> expect high correlation between
-    # reference page and test page
     correlation = check_monochrome_correlation(
-        reference_pdf=_infile('cardinal.pdf'),
+        outdir,
+        reference_pdf=resources / 'cardinal.pdf',
         reference_pageno=1,
-        test_pdf=out,
+        test_pdf=outdir / 'out.pdf',
         test_pageno=3)
-    assert correlation > 0.80
-
-
-def test_autorotate_threshold_high(spoof_tesseract_cache):
-    out = check_ocrmypdf('cardinal.pdf', 'test_autorotate_threshold_high.pdf',
-                         '--rotate-pages-threshold', '99',
-                         '-r', '-v', '1', env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
-
-    # High threshold -> never rotate -> expect low correlation since
-    # test page will not be rotated
-    correlation = check_monochrome_correlation(
-        reference_pdf=_infile('cardinal.pdf'),
-        reference_pageno=1,
-        test_pdf=out,
-        test_pageno=3)
-    assert correlation < 0.10
+    assert eval(correlation_test)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('renderer', [
     'hocr',
     'tesseract',
     ])
-def test_ocr_timeout(renderer):
-    out = check_ocrmypdf('skew.pdf', 'test_timeout_%s.pdf' % renderer,
+def test_ocr_timeout(renderer, resources, outpdf):
+    out = check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'skew.pdf', outpdf,
                          '--tesseract-timeout', '1.0')
-    pdfinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(out)
+    pdfinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(out))
     assert not pdfinfo[0]['has_text']
 
 
-def test_skip_big(spoof_tesseract_cache):
-    out = check_ocrmypdf('enormous.pdf', 'test_enormous.pdf',
+def test_skip_big(spoof_tesseract_cache, resources, outpdf):
+    out = check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'enormous.pdf', outpdf,
                          '--skip-big', '10', env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
-    pdfinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(out)
+    pdfinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(out))
     assert not pdfinfo[0]['has_text']
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('renderer', ['hocr', 'tesseract'])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('output_type', ['pdf', 'pdfa'])
-def test_maximum_options(spoof_tesseract_cache, renderer, output_type):
+def test_maximum_options(spoof_tesseract_cache, renderer, output_type,
+                         resources, outpdf):
     check_ocrmypdf(
-        'multipage.pdf', 'test_multipage%s.pdf' % renderer,
+        resources / 'multipage.pdf', outpdf,
         '-d', '-c', '-i', '-g', '-f', '-k', '--oversample', '300',
+        '--remove-background',
         '--skip-big', '10', '--title', 'Too Many Weird Files',
         '--author', 'py.test', '--pdf-renderer', renderer,
         '--output-type', output_type,
         env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
 
 
-def test_tesseract_missing_tessdata():
+def test_tesseract_missing_tessdata(resources, no_outpdf):
     env = os.environ.copy()
     env['TESSDATA_PREFIX'] = '/tmp'
 
     p, _, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'graph_ocred.pdf', 'not_a_pdfa.pdf', '-v', '1', '--skip-text', env=env)
+        resources / 'graph_ocred.pdf', no_outpdf,
+        '-v', '1', '--skip-text', env=env)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.missing_dependency, err
 
 
-def test_invalid_input_pdf():
+def test_invalid_input_pdf(resources, no_outpdf):
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'invalid.pdf', 'wont_be_created.pdf')
+        resources / 'invalid.pdf', no_outpdf)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.input_file, err
 
 
-def test_blank_input_pdf():
+def test_blank_input_pdf(resources, outpdf):
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'blank.pdf', 'still_blank.pdf')
+        resources / 'blank.pdf', outpdf)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.ok
 
 
-def test_force_ocr_on_pdf_with_no_images(spoof_tesseract_crash):
+def test_force_ocr_on_pdf_with_no_images(spoof_tesseract_crash, resources,
+                                         no_outpdf):
     # As a correctness test, make sure that --force-ocr on a PDF with no
     # content still triggers tesseract. If tesseract crashes, then it was
     # called.
     p, _, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'blank.pdf', 'wont_be_created.pdf', '--force-ocr',
+        resources / 'blank.pdf', no_outpdf, '--force-ocr',
         env=spoof_tesseract_crash)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.child_process_error, err
-    assert not os.path.exists(_outfile('wontwork.pdf'))
+    assert not os.path.exists(no_outpdf)
 
 
-def test_french(spoof_tesseract_cache):
+def test_french(spoof_tesseract_cache, resources, outpdf):
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'francais.pdf', 'francais.pdf', '-l', 'fra', env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
+        resources / 'francais.pdf', outpdf, '-l', 'fra',
+        env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.ok, \
         "This test may fail if Tesseract language packs are missing"
 
 
-def test_klingon():
+def test_klingon(resources, outpdf):
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'francais.pdf', 'francais.pdf', '-l', 'klz')
+        resources / 'francais.pdf', outpdf, '-l', 'klz')
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.bad_args
 
 
-def test_missing_docinfo(spoof_tesseract_noop):
+def test_missing_docinfo(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outpdf):
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'missing_docinfo.pdf', 'missing_docinfo.pdf', '-l', 'eng', '-c',
+        resources / 'missing_docinfo.pdf', outpdf, '-l', 'eng', '-c',
         env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.ok, err
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(running_in_docker(),
-                    reason="writes to tests/resources")
-def test_uppercase_extension(spoof_tesseract_noop):
-    shutil.copy(_infile("skew.pdf"), _infile("UPPERCASE.PDF"))
-    try:
-        check_ocrmypdf("UPPERCASE.PDF", "UPPERCASE_OUT.PDF",
-                       env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
-    finally:
-        os.unlink(_infile("UPPERCASE.PDF"))
+@pytest.mark.skipif(pytest.helpers.running_in_docker(),
+                    reason="<no longer true> writes to tests/resources")
+def test_uppercase_extension(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outdir):
+    shutil.copy(
+        str(resources / "skew.pdf"),
+        str(outdir / "UPPERCASE.PDF"))
+
+    check_ocrmypdf(outdir / "UPPERCASE.PDF", outdir / "UPPERCASE_OUT.PDF",
+                   env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
 
 
-def test_input_file_not_found():
+def test_input_file_not_found(no_outpdf):
     input_file = "does not exist.pdf"
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        _infile(input_file),
-        _outfile("will not happen.pdf"))
+        input_file,
+        no_outpdf)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.input_file
     assert (input_file in out or input_file in err)
 
 
-def test_input_file_not_a_pdf():
+def test_input_file_not_a_pdf(no_outpdf):
     input_file = __file__  # Try to OCR this file
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        _infile(input_file),
-        _outfile("will not happen.pdf"))
+        input_file,
+        no_outpdf)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.input_file
     assert (input_file in out or input_file in err)
 
 
-def test_qpdf_repair_fails():
-    env = os.environ.copy()
-    env['OCRMYPDF_QPDF'] = os.path.abspath('./spoof/qpdf_dummy_return2.py')
+def test_qpdf_repair_fails(spoof_qpdf_always_error, resources, no_outpdf):
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'c02-22.pdf', no_outpdf,
         '-v', '1',
-        'c02-22.pdf', 'wont_be_created.pdf', env=env)
-    print(out)
+        env=spoof_qpdf_always_error)
     print(err)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.input_file
 
 
-def test_encrypted():
-    p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf('skew-encrypted.pdf', 'wont_be_created.pdf')
-    assert p.returncode == ExitCode.input_file
+def test_encrypted(resources, no_outpdf):
+    p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'skew-encrypted.pdf', no_outpdf)
+    assert p.returncode == ExitCode.encrypted_pdf
     assert out.find('password')
 
 
@@ -512,9 +479,9 @@ def test_encrypted():
     'hocr',
     'tesseract',
     ])
-def test_pagesegmode(renderer, spoof_tesseract_cache):
+def test_pagesegmode(renderer, spoof_tesseract_cache, resources, outpdf):
     check_ocrmypdf(
-        'skew.pdf', 'test_psm_%s.pdf' % renderer,
+        resources / 'skew.pdf', outpdf,
         '--tesseract-pagesegmode', '7',
         '-v', '1',
         '--pdf-renderer', renderer, env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
@@ -524,21 +491,23 @@ def test_pagesegmode(renderer, spoof_tesseract_cache):
     'hocr',
     'tesseract',
     ])
-def test_tesseract_crash(renderer, spoof_tesseract_crash):
+def test_tesseract_crash(renderer, spoof_tesseract_crash,
+                         resources, no_outpdf):
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'ccitt.pdf', 'wontwork.pdf', '-v', '1',
+        resources / 'ccitt.pdf', no_outpdf, '-v', '1',
         '--pdf-renderer', renderer, env=spoof_tesseract_crash)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.child_process_error
-    assert not os.path.exists(_outfile('wontwork.pdf'))
+    assert not os.path.exists(no_outpdf)
     assert "ERROR" in err
 
 
-def test_tesseract_crash_autorotate(spoof_tesseract_crash):
+def test_tesseract_crash_autorotate(spoof_tesseract_crash,
+                                    resources, no_outpdf):
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'ccitt.pdf', 'wontwork.pdf',
+        resources / 'ccitt.pdf', no_outpdf,
         '-r', env=spoof_tesseract_crash)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.child_process_error
-    assert not os.path.exists(_outfile('wontwork.pdf'))
+    assert not os.path.exists(no_outpdf)
     assert "ERROR" in err
     print(out)
     print(err)
@@ -548,93 +517,234 @@ def test_tesseract_crash_autorotate(spoof_tesseract_crash):
     'hocr',
     'tesseract',
     ])
-def test_tesseract_image_too_big(renderer, spoof_tesseract_big_image_error):
+def test_tesseract_image_too_big(renderer, spoof_tesseract_big_image_error,
+                                 resources, outpdf):
     check_ocrmypdf(
-        'hugemono.pdf', 'hugemono_%s.pdf' % renderer, '-r',
+        resources / 'hugemono.pdf', outpdf, '-r',
         '--pdf-renderer', renderer, env=spoof_tesseract_big_image_error)
 
 
-def test_no_unpaper():
+def test_no_unpaper(resources, no_outpdf):
     env = os.environ.copy()
     env['OCRMYPDF_UNPAPER'] = os.path.abspath('./spoof/no_unpaper_here.py')
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'c02-22.pdf', 'wont_be_created.pdf', '--clean', env=env)
+        resources / 'c02-22.pdf', no_outpdf, '--clean', env=env)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.missing_dependency
 
 
-def test_old_unpaper():
+def test_old_unpaper(resources, no_outpdf):
     env = os.environ.copy()
     env['OCRMYPDF_UNPAPER'] = os.path.abspath('./spoof/unpaper_oldversion.py')
     p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
-        'c02-22.pdf', 'wont_be_created.pdf', '--clean', env=env)
+        resources / 'c02-22.pdf', no_outpdf, '--clean', env=env)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.missing_dependency
 
 
-def test_algo4():
-    p, _, _ = run_ocrmypdf('encrypted_algo4.pdf', 'wontwork.pdf')
+def test_algo4(resources, no_outpdf):
+    p, _, _ = run_ocrmypdf(resources / 'encrypted_algo4.pdf', no_outpdf)
     assert p.returncode == ExitCode.encrypted_pdf
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('renderer', [
     'hocr'])  # tesseract cannot pass this test - resamples to square image
-def test_non_square_resolution(renderer, spoof_tesseract_cache):
+def test_non_square_resolution(renderer, spoof_tesseract_cache,
+                               resources, outpdf):
     # Confirm input image is non-square resolution
-    in_pageinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(_infile('aspect.pdf'))
+    in_pageinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(resources / 'aspect.pdf'))
     assert in_pageinfo[0]['xres'] != in_pageinfo[0]['yres']
 
-    out = 'aspect_%s.pdf' % renderer
     check_ocrmypdf(
-        'aspect.pdf', out,
+        resources / 'aspect.pdf', outpdf,
         '--pdf-renderer', renderer, env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
 
-    out_pageinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(_outfile(out))
+    out_pageinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(outpdf))
 
     # Confirm resolution was kept the same
     assert in_pageinfo[0]['xres'] == out_pageinfo[0]['xres']
     assert in_pageinfo[0]['yres'] == out_pageinfo[0]['yres']
 
 
-def test_image_to_pdf(spoof_tesseract_noop):
+def test_image_to_pdf(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outpdf):
     check_ocrmypdf(
-        'LinnSequencer.jpg', 'image_to_pdf.pdf', '--image-dpi', '200',
+        resources / 'LinnSequencer.jpg', outpdf, '--image-dpi', '200',
         env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
 
 
-def test_jbig2_passthrough(spoof_tesseract_cache):
+def test_jbig2_passthrough(spoof_tesseract_cache, resources, outpdf):
     out = check_ocrmypdf(
-        'jbig2.pdf', 'jbig2_out.pdf',
+        resources / 'jbig2.pdf', outpdf,
         '--output-type', 'pdf',
         '--pdf-renderer', 'hocr',
         env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
 
-    out_pageinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(out)
+    out_pageinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(out))
     assert out_pageinfo[0]['images'][0]['enc'] == 'jbig2'
 
 
-def test_stdin(spoof_tesseract_noop):
-    input_file = _infile('francais.pdf')
-    output_file = _outfile('test_stdin.pdf')
+def test_stdin(spoof_tesseract_noop, ocrmypdf_exec, resources, outpdf):
+    input_file = str(resources / 'francais.pdf')
+    output_file = str(outpdf)
 
-    # Runs: cat testfile.pdf | ocrmypdf - output.pdf
+    # Runs: ocrmypdf - output.pdf < testfile.pdf
+    with open(input_file, 'rb') as input_stream:
+        p_args = ocrmypdf_exec + ['-', output_file]
+        p = Popen(
+            p_args, close_fds=True, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE,
+            stdin=input_stream, env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+        out, err = p.communicate()
 
-    p1_args = ['cat', input_file]
-    p1 = Popen(p1_args, close_fds=True, stdin=DEVNULL, stdout=PIPE)
-
-    p2_args = OCRMYPDF + ['-', output_file]
-    p2 = Popen(
-        p2_args, close_fds=True, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE,
-        stdin=p1.stdout, env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
-    p1.stdout.close()
-    out, err = p2.communicate()
-
-    assert p2.returncode == ExitCode.ok
+        assert p.returncode == ExitCode.ok
 
 
-def test_masks(spoof_tesseract_noop):
-    check_ocrmypdf('masks.pdf', 'test_masks.pdf', env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+def test_stdout(spoof_tesseract_noop, ocrmypdf_exec, resources, outpdf):
+    input_file = str(resources / 'francais.pdf')
+    output_file = str(outpdf)
+
+    # Runs: ocrmypdf francais.pdf - > test_stdout.pdf
+    with open(output_file, 'wb') as output_stream:
+        p_args = ocrmypdf_exec + [input_file, '-']
+        p = Popen(
+            p_args, close_fds=True, stdout=output_stream, stderr=PIPE,
+            stdin=DEVNULL, env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+        out, err = p.communicate()
+
+        assert p.returncode == ExitCode.ok
+
+    from ocrmypdf.exec import qpdf
+    assert qpdf.check(output_file, log=None)
 
 
-def test_linearized_pdf_and_indirect_object(spoof_tesseract_noop):
+def test_masks(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outpdf):
+    check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'masks.pdf', outpdf, env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+
+
+def test_linearized_pdf_and_indirect_object(spoof_tesseract_noop,
+        resources, outpdf):
     check_ocrmypdf(
-        'epson.pdf', 'test_epson.pdf',
+        resources / 'epson.pdf', outpdf,
         env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+
+
+def test_rotated_skew_timeout(resources, outpdf):
+    """This document contains an image that is rotated 90 into place with a
+    /Rotate tag and intentionally skewed by altering the transformation matrix.
+
+    This tests for a bug where the combinatino of preprocessing and a tesseract
+    timeout produced a page whose dimensions did not match the original's.
+    """
+
+    input_file = str(resources / 'rotated_skew.pdf')
+    in_pageinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(input_file)[0]
+
+    assert in_pageinfo['height_pixels'] < in_pageinfo['width_pixels'], \
+        "Expected the input page to be landscape"
+    assert in_pageinfo['rotate'] == 90, "Expected a rotated page"
+
+    out = check_ocrmypdf(
+        input_file, outpdf,
+        '--pdf-renderer', 'hocr',
+        '--deskew', '--tesseract-timeout', '0')
+
+    out_pageinfo = pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(out))[0]
+
+    assert out_pageinfo['height_pixels'] > out_pageinfo['width_pixels'], \
+        "Expected the output page to be portrait"
+
+    assert out_pageinfo['rotate'] == 0, \
+        "Expected no page rotation for output"
+
+    assert in_pageinfo['width_pixels'] == out_pageinfo['height_pixels'] and \
+        in_pageinfo['height_pixels'] == out_pageinfo['width_pixels'], \
+        "Expected page rotation to be baked in"
+
+
+def test_ghostscript_pdfa_failure(spoof_no_tess_no_pdfa, resources, outpdf):
+    p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'ccitt.pdf', outpdf,
+        env=spoof_no_tess_no_pdfa)
+    assert p.returncode == 4, "Expected return code 4 when PDF/A fails"
+
+
+def test_ghostscript_feature_elision(spoof_no_tess_pdfa_warning,
+        resources, outpdf):
+    check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'ccitt.pdf', outpdf,
+                   env=spoof_no_tess_pdfa_warning)
+
+
+def test_very_high_dpi(spoof_tesseract_cache, resources, outpdf):
+    "Checks for a Decimal quantize error with high DPI, etc"
+    check_ocrmypdf(resources / '2400dpi.pdf', outpdf,
+                   env=spoof_tesseract_cache)
+
+
+def test_overlay(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outpdf):
+    check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'overlay.pdf', outpdf,
+                   env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    os.getuid() == 0 or os.geteuid() == 0,
+    reason="root can write to anything"
+    )
+def test_destination_not_writable(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outdir):
+    protected_file = outdir / 'protected.pdf'
+    protected_file.touch()
+    protected_file.chmod(0o400)  # Read-only
+    p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'jbig2.pdf', protected_file,
+        env=spoof_tesseract_noop)
+    assert p.returncode == ExitCode.file_access_error, "Expected error"
+
+
+def test_tesseract_config_valid(resources, outdir):
+    cfg_file = outdir / 'test.cfg'
+    with cfg_file.open('w') as f:
+        f.write('''\
+load_system_dawg 0
+language_model_penalty_non_dict_word 0
+language_model_penalty_non_freq_dict_word 0
+''')
+
+    check_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'ccitt.pdf', outdir / 'out.pdf',
+        '--tesseract-config', str(cfg_file))
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('renderer', [
+    'hocr',
+    'tesseract',
+    ])
+def test_tesseract_config_notfound(renderer, resources, outdir):
+    cfg_file = outdir / 'nofile.cfg'
+
+    p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'ccitt.pdf', outdir / 'out.pdf',
+        '--pdf-renderer', renderer,
+        '--tesseract-config', str(cfg_file))
+    assert "Can't open" in err, "No error message about missing config file"
+    assert p.returncode == ExitCode.ok
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('renderer', [
+    'hocr',
+    'tesseract',
+    ])
+def test_tesseract_config_invalid(renderer, resources, outdir):
+    cfg_file = outdir / 'test.cfg'
+    with cfg_file.open('w') as f:
+        f.write('''\
+THIS FILE IS INVALID
+''')
+
+    p, out, err = run_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'ccitt.pdf', outdir / 'out.pdf',
+        '--pdf-renderer', renderer,
+        '--tesseract-config', str(cfg_file))
+    assert "parameter not found" in err, "No error message"
+    assert p.returncode == ExitCode.invalid_config
+
+
+def test_form_xobject(spoof_tesseract_noop, resources, outpdf):
+    check_ocrmypdf(resources / 'formxobject.pdf', outpdf,
+                   '--force-ocr',
+                   env=spoof_tesseract_noop)

tests/test_pageinfo.py

@@ -14,38 +14,9 @@ import pytest
 import sys
 
 
-if sys.version_info.major < 3:
-    print("Requires Python 3.4+")
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-TESTS_ROOT = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
-SPOOF_PATH = os.path.join(TESTS_ROOT, 'spoof')
-PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(TESTS_ROOT)
-OCRMYPDF = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'OCRmyPDF.sh')
-TEST_RESOURCES = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'tests', 'resources')
-TEST_OUTPUT = os.environ.get(
-    'OCRMYPDF_TEST_OUTPUT',
-    default=os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'tests', 'output', 'pageinfo'))
-
-
-def setup_module():
-    with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-        shutil.rmtree(TEST_OUTPUT)
-    with suppress(FileExistsError):
-        os.makedirs(TEST_OUTPUT)
-
-
-def _make_input(input_basename):
-    return os.path.join(TEST_RESOURCES, input_basename)
-
-
-def _make_output(output_basename):
-    return os.path.join(TEST_OUTPUT, output_basename)
-
-
-def test_single_page_text():
-    filename = os.path.join(TEST_OUTPUT, 'text.pdf')
-    pdf = Canvas(filename, pagesize=(8*72, 6*72))
+def test_single_page_text(outdir):
+    filename = outdir / 'text.pdf'
+    pdf = Canvas(str(filename), pagesize=(8*72, 6*72))
     text = pdf.beginText()
     text.setFont('Helvetica', 12)
     text.setTextOrigin(1*72, 3*72)
@@ -55,7 +26,7 @@ def test_single_page_text():
     pdf.showPage()
     pdf.save()
 
-    pdfinfo = pageinfo.pdf_get_all_pageinfo(filename)
+    pdfinfo = pageinfo.pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(filename))
 
     assert len(pdfinfo) == 1
     page = pdfinfo[0]
@@ -64,28 +35,26 @@ def test_single_page_text():
     assert len(page['images']) == 0
 
 
-def test_single_page_image():
-    filename = os.path.join(TEST_OUTPUT, 'image-mono.pdf')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 5), reason="needs Path.read_bytes")
+def test_single_page_image(outdir):
+    filename = outdir / 'image-mono.pdf'
 
-    with NamedTemporaryFile(mode='wb+', suffix='.png') as im_tmp:
-        im = Image.new('1', (8, 8), 0)
-        for n in range(8):
-            im.putpixel((n, n), 1)
-        im.save(im_tmp.name, format='PNG')
+    im_tmp = outdir / 'tmp.png'
+    im = Image.new('1', (8, 8), 0)
+    for n in range(8):
+        im.putpixel((n, n), 1)
+    im.save(str(im_tmp), format='PNG')
 
-        imgsize = ((img2pdf.ImgSize.dpi, 8), (img2pdf.ImgSize.dpi, 8))
-        layout_fun = img2pdf.get_layout_fun(None, imgsize, None, None, None)
+    imgsize = ((img2pdf.ImgSize.dpi, 8), (img2pdf.ImgSize.dpi, 8))
+    layout_fun = img2pdf.get_layout_fun(None, imgsize, None, None, None)
 
-        im_tmp.seek(0)
-        im_bytes = im_tmp.read()
-        pdf_bytes = img2pdf.convert(
-                im_bytes, producer="img2pdf", with_pdfrw=False,
-                layout_fun=layout_fun)
+    im_bytes = im_tmp.read_bytes()
+    pdf_bytes = img2pdf.convert(
+            im_bytes, producer="img2pdf", with_pdfrw=False,
+            layout_fun=layout_fun)
+    filename.write_bytes(pdf_bytes)
 
-        with open(filename, 'wb') as pdf:
-            pdf.write(pdf_bytes)
-
-    pdfinfo = pageinfo.pdf_get_all_pageinfo(filename)
+    pdfinfo = pageinfo.pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(filename))
 
     assert len(pdfinfo) == 1
     page = pdfinfo[0]
@@ -97,19 +66,14 @@ def test_single_page_image():
     assert pdfimage['width'] == 8
     assert pdfimage['color'] == 'gray'
 
-    # While unexpected, this is correct
-    # PDF spec says /FlateDecode image must have /BitsPerComponent 8
-    # So mono images get upgraded to 8-bit
-    assert pdfimage['bpc'] == 8
-
     # DPI in a 1"x1" is the image width
     assert abs(pdfimage['dpi_w'] - 8) < 1e-5
     assert abs(pdfimage['dpi_h'] - 8) < 1e-5
 
 
-def test_single_page_inline_image():
-    filename = os.path.join(TEST_OUTPUT, 'image-mono-inline.pdf')
-    pdf = Canvas(filename, pagesize=(8*72, 6*72))
+def test_single_page_inline_image(outdir):
+    filename = outdir / 'image-mono-inline.pdf'
+    pdf = Canvas(str(filename), pagesize=(8*72, 6*72))
     with NamedTemporaryFile() as im_tmp:
         im = Image.new('1', (8, 8), 0)
         for n in range(8):
@@ -120,7 +84,7 @@ def test_single_page_inline_image():
         pdf.showPage()
         pdf.save()
 
-    pdfinfo = pageinfo.pdf_get_all_pageinfo(filename)
+    pdfinfo = pageinfo.pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(filename))
     print(pdfinfo)
     pdfimage = pdfinfo[0]['images'][0]
     assert (pdfimage['dpi_w'] - 8) < 1e-5
@@ -128,12 +92,19 @@ def test_single_page_inline_image():
     assert pdfimage['width'] == 8
 
 
-def test_jpeg():
-    filename = _make_input('c02-22.pdf')
+def test_jpeg(resources, outdir):
+    filename = resources / 'c02-22.pdf'
 
-    pdfinfo = pageinfo.pdf_get_all_pageinfo(filename)
+    pdfinfo = pageinfo.pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(filename))
 
     pdfimage = pdfinfo[0]['images'][0]
     assert pdfimage['enc'] == 'jpeg'
     assert (pdfimage['dpi_w'] - 150) < 1e-5
 
+
+def test_form_xobject(resources):
+    filename = resources / 'formxobject.pdf'
+
+    pdfinfo = pageinfo.pdf_get_all_pageinfo(str(filename))
+    pdfimage = pdfinfo[0]['images'][0]
+    assert pdfimage['width'] == 50

tests/test_tess3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# © 2017 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
+
+import pytest
+from ocrmypdf.exceptions import ExitCode
+from ocrmypdf.exec import tesseract
+
+
+# Skip all tests in this file if not tesseract 3
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(tesseract.v4(),
+                                reason="tesseract 3.x required")
+
+
+def test_textonly_pdf_on_tess3(resources, no_outpdf):
+    p, _, _ = pytest.helpers.run_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'linn.pdf',
+        no_outpdf, '--pdf-renderer', 'tess4')
+
+    assert p.returncode == ExitCode.missing_dependency
+
+
+def test_oem_on_tess3(resources, no_outpdf):
+    p, _, err = pytest.helpers.run_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'aspect.pdf',
+        no_outpdf, '--tesseract-oem', '1')
+
+    assert p.returncode == ExitCode.ok
+    assert 'argument ignored' in err

tests/test_tess4.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# © 2017 James R. Barlow: github.com/jbarlow83
+
+import pytest
+from ocrmypdf.exceptions import ExitCode
+from ocrmypdf.exec import tesseract
+
+
+# Skip all tests in this file if not tesseract 4
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(not tesseract.v4(),
+                                reason="tesseract 4.0 required")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not tesseract.has_textonly_pdf(),
+                    reason="requires textonly_pdf feature")
+def test_textonly_pdf(resources, outdir):
+    pytest.helpers.check_ocrmypdf(
+        resources / 'linn.pdf',
+        outdir / 'linn_textonly.pdf', '--pdf-renderer', 'tess4')
+
+
+